Melbourne Sexual Health Centre, Alfred Health, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
School of Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
J Infect Dis. 2024 Nov 15;230(5):e1121-e1125. doi: 10.1093/infdis/jiae313.
While ceftriaxone remains the first-line treatment for gonorrhea, the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention recommended cefixime as a second-line treatment in 2021. We tested 1176 Neisseria gonorrhoeae isolates among clients attending the Melbourne Sexual Health Centre in 2021 and 2022. The prevalence of cefixime resistance was 6.3% (74/1176), azithromycin resistance was 4.9% (58/1176), and ceftriaxone resistance was 0% (0/1176). Cefixime resistance was highest among women (16.4%, 10/61), followed by men who have sex with women (6.4%, 7/109) and men who have sex with men (5.8%, 57/982). The prevalence of cefixime-resistant N gonorrhoeae exceeds the threshold of the 5% resistance level recommended by the World Health Organization; thus, cefixime treatment would have limited benefits in Australia.
虽然头孢曲松仍然是淋病的一线治疗药物，但美国疾病控制与预防中心在 2021 年建议头孢克肟作为二线治疗药物。我们测试了 2021 年和 2022 年在墨尔本性健康中心就诊的 1176 例淋病奈瑟菌分离株。头孢克肟耐药率为 6.3%（74/1176），阿奇霉素耐药率为 4.9%（58/1176），头孢曲松耐药率为 0%（0/1176）。头孢克肟耐药率在女性中最高（16.4%，10/61），其次是女性性伴侣男（6.4%，109/109）和男性性伴侣男（5.8%，982/57）。头孢克肟耐药淋病奈瑟菌的流行率超过了世界卫生组织推荐的 5%耐药水平阈值；因此，在澳大利亚，头孢克肟治疗的获益有限。
