哺乳期使用孕激素类激素避孕方法的安全性：综述
Safety of Progestogen Hormonal Contraceptive Methods during Lactation: An Overview.
作者信息
Chmaj-Wierzchowska Karolina, Wszołek Katarzyna, Tomczyk Katarzyna, Wilczak Maciej
机构信息
Department of Maternal and Child Health, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 61-701 Poznan, Poland.
出版信息
Clin Pract. 2024 Jun 4;14(3):1054-1064. doi: 10.3390/clinpract14030083.
BACKGROUND
Breastfeeding is a process for not only nourishing infants but also for building a unique emotional bond between mother and child. Therefore, the ideal contraception during lactation should not affect lactation (milk composition, milk volume) and offspring development.
OBJECTIVES
This study aims to analyze the literature on the safety of progestogen hormonal contraceptive methods during lactation.
METHODS
We conducted a thorough search across various databases, including the National Library of Medicine (PubMed), and the Cochrane Database, Drugs and Lactation Database (LactMed). Our search utilized specific phrases such as: "lactation" and "breastfeeding" and "oral contraception" with "drospirenone" or "desogestrel", with "subcutaneous etonogestrel implant" or "etonogestrel implant", with "levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine system", and "emergency contraception", with "levonorgestrel" or "ulipristal acetate".
CONCLUSIONS
Based on published scientific reports, progestogen hormonal contraceptives can be considered a relatively safe solution for women desiring to continue feeding their infant with their milk while using hormonal contraception. It is important to seek guidance on selecting the best contraception method based on the latest medical knowledge, tailored to the individual needs and clinical circumstances of each woman and place of residence. A woman should always be informed of the potential risks of such a treatment and then allowed to make her own decision based on the knowledge received from a specialist.
背景
母乳喂养不仅是为婴儿提供营养的过程，也是建立母婴之间独特情感纽带的过程。因此，哺乳期理想的避孕方法不应影响哺乳（乳汁成分、乳汁量）和后代发育。
目的
本研究旨在分析关于哺乳期使用孕激素类激素避孕方法安全性的文献。
方法
我们在多个数据库进行了全面检索，包括美国国立医学图书馆（PubMed）、考克兰数据库、药物与哺乳期数据库（LactMed）。我们的检索使用了特定短语，如：“哺乳”和“母乳喂养”以及“口服避孕药”与“屈螺酮”或“去氧孕烯”，与“皮下埋植左炔诺孕酮”或“左炔诺孕酮埋植剂”，与“左炔诺孕酮宫内缓释系统”，以及“紧急避孕”与“左炔诺孕酮”或“醋酸乌利司他”。
结论
根据已发表的科学报告，对于希望在使用激素避孕的同时继续用母乳哺育婴儿的女性，孕激素类激素避孕药可被视为一种相对安全的解决方案。重要的是要根据最新医学知识，针对每位女性的个人需求和临床情况以及居住地点，寻求关于选择最佳避孕方法的指导。应始终告知女性这种治疗的潜在风险，然后让她根据从专科医生那里获得的知识自行做出决定。
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