Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.
Department of Public Health Education, North Carolina Central University, Durham, North Carolina.
Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol. 2024 Nov;133(5):545-549.e2. doi: 10.1016/j.anai.2024.06.021. Epub 2024 Jun 24.
Epidemiologic studies have reported conflicting findings for cat or dog exposure and childhood asthma. No study has evaluated whether persistent pet exposure from early life to school age is associated with asthma or allergic sensitization in youth.
To evaluate whether persistent ownership of a cat or a dog throughout childhood is associated with asthma in Puerto Rican youth, a group disproportionately affected with asthma.
Prospective study of 384 youth who completed a baseline visit at ages 6 to 14 years and a second visit at ages 9 to 20 years. Persistent cat or dog ownership was defined as ownership of a cat or a dog in early life (during pregnancy or the first year of life) at either study visit (at school age). An allergen-specific IgE result was considered positive if more than or equal to 0.35 IU/mL. Logistic regression was used for the multivariable analysis of asthma and allergic sensitization.
In an analysis adjusting for household income, family history of atopy, persistent overweight or obesity, a persistent unhealthy diet, the time interval between study visits, and other covariates, persistent cat ownership was significantly associated with 68% reduced odds of asthma (95% CI for odds ratio = 0.11-0.92) but not with any allergic sensitization or sensitization to cat allergen. In contrast, persistent dog ownership was not significantly associated with asthma or allergic sensitization.
Among school-aged Puerto Rican youth followed for an average of 5 years, persistent cat ownership from early life to school age was inversely associated with asthma.
流行病学研究报告称，猫或狗的接触与儿童哮喘之间的关系存在矛盾。没有研究评估从婴儿期到学龄期持续接触宠物是否与青少年哮喘或过敏有关。
评估在波多黎各青少年中，是否从婴儿期到学龄期持续拥有猫或狗与哮喘有关，因为该群体哮喘发病率不成比例。
对 384 名青少年进行前瞻性研究，这些青少年在 6 至 14 岁时完成了基线访视，在 9 至 20 岁时完成了第二次访视。持续拥有猫或狗的定义是在早期（怀孕或生命的第一年）在两次访视（学龄期）中都拥有猫或狗。如果过敏原特异性 IgE 结果大于或等于 0.35 IU/mL，则认为是阳性。使用逻辑回归进行多变量分析，分析哮喘和过敏敏化的情况。
在调整家庭收入、特应性家族史、持续超重或肥胖、持续不健康饮食、两次访视之间的时间间隔以及其他协变量后，持续拥有猫与哮喘的几率降低 68%有关（比值比的 95%置信区间为 0.11-0.92），但与任何过敏敏化或对猫过敏原的敏化无关。相比之下，持续拥有狗与哮喘或过敏敏化无关。
在平均随访 5 年的学龄期波多黎各青少年中，从婴儿期到学龄期持续拥有猫与哮喘呈负相关。
