Bharadwaj Hareesha Rishab, Dalal Priyal, Marsool Mohammed Dheyaa Marsool, Prajjwal Priyadarshi, Karkhanis Simran, Amir Omniat
Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester.
School of Medicine, University of Central Lancashire, Preston, UK.
Ann Med Surg (Lond). 2024 May 27;86(7):4049-4052. doi: 10.1097/MS9.0000000000002225. eCollection 2024 Jul.
This paper provides a comprehensive exploration of the current state of gastroparesis management in low and middle-income countries (LMICs), emphasising recent innovations, persistent challenges, and future prospects. Gastroparesis, a condition characterised by delayed stomach emptying, presents debilitating symptoms and is notably linked to neuropathic disorders, including diabetes mellitus. Despite an apparent higher prevalence in LMICs compared to the global average, epidemiological data remains scarce. The paper highlights pioneering research in Pakistan, Brazil, and China, showcasing a transformative shift toward comprehensive studies that delve into nuanced aspects of gastroparesis epidemiology, gender-specific patterns, and innovative therapeutic approaches such as acupuncture. However, challenges impeding clinical management and research in LMICs are identified, encompassing the absence of extensive epidemiological studies, lack of treatment guidelines, and the scarcity of specialised training programs for healthcare professionals. These challenges are intertwined with broader issues such as limited healthcare infrastructure, resource disparities, and healthcare workforce shortages. The paper proposes a multifaceted approach for addressing these challenges, involving international collaboration, capacity building, and the integration of gastroparesis management into primary healthcare services. Strategies to combat brain drain, such as collaborative agreements akin to the UK-South Africa Memorandum of Understanding, are advocated.
本文全面探讨了低收入和中等收入国家(LMICs)胃轻瘫管理的现状,重点介绍了近期的创新成果、持续存在的挑战以及未来前景。胃轻瘫是一种以胃排空延迟为特征的疾病,会出现使人衰弱的症状,并且与包括糖尿病在内的神经病变显著相关。尽管与全球平均水平相比,LMICs的患病率明显更高,但流行病学数据仍然匮乏。本文强调了巴基斯坦、巴西和中国的开创性研究,展示了向全面研究的转变,这些研究深入探讨了胃轻瘫流行病学的细微方面、特定性别的模式以及针灸等创新治疗方法。然而,也指出了阻碍LMICs临床管理和研究的挑战,包括缺乏广泛的流行病学研究、缺乏治疗指南以及针对医疗保健专业人员的专业培训项目稀缺。这些挑战与医疗基础设施有限、资源差距和医疗劳动力短缺等更广泛的问题相互交织。本文提出了一种多方面应对这些挑战的方法,包括国际合作、能力建设以及将胃轻瘫管理纳入初级医疗服务。提倡采取诸如类似于英国 - 南非谅解备忘录的合作协议等措施来应对人才流失问题。