School of Architecture and Urban-rural Planning, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350108, China.
Laboratory of Smart Habitat for Humanity, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350108, China.
BMC Public Health. 2024 Jul 29;24(1):2035. doi: 10.1186/s12889-024-19539-x.
It remains unknown whether good neighbourhood perception can enhance the benefits of favourable built environment to physical activity. Moreover, the moderation pattern is less understood in developing countries.
This work aims to examine the moderation effects of perceived neighbourhood safety and aesthetics on the relationship between built environment and time for recreational walking.
We performed the examination using a sample of 760 residents in Fuzhou City, China. The Negative Binomial Regression Model was developed to examine the moderation roles of neighbourhood safety and aesthetics on the impact of built environment, adjusting for the effects of location, socioeconomic, personal preferences and social environment factors. Moreover, two sensitivity analyses were performed to test whether the moderators found are robust to the control of residential self-selection, and differential measures of conceptually-comparable aspects of built environment.
We found stronger associations of time for recreational walking with road density and proportion of parks and squares POIs for residents with high perception of neighbourhood safety, compared to those with low perception of neighbourhood safety. There was a greater effect of the proportion of parks and squares POIs, when perceived aesthetics was high than when perceived aesthetics was low. The findings of neighbourhood safety and aesthetics as moderator, were robust in the two sensitivity analyses. No significant moderation effect was found for land use diversity.
High perceived neighbourhood safety can magnify the positive effects of road connectivity and accessibility to parks and squares. Neighbourhood aesthetics positively moderates the association of time for recreational walking with accessibility to parks and squares. The findings emphasize the need to consider safety- and aesthetics-specific differences in estimates of built environment effects. Improvements in neighbourhood safety and aesthetics are key to effective interventions in built environment to better promote physical activity.
目前尚不清楚良好的邻里感知是否可以增强有利的建成环境对身体活动的益处。此外，在发展中国家，这种调节模式还不太为人所知。
本研究旨在检验邻里感知安全和美观对建成环境与休闲步行时间之间关系的调节作用。
我们使用中国福州市 760 名居民的样本进行了检验。采用负二项回归模型，调整位置、社会经济、个人偏好和社会环境因素的影响，检验邻里感知安全和美观对建成环境影响的调节作用。此外，还进行了两项敏感性分析，以检验所发现的调节因素是否对住宅自我选择的控制和建成环境概念上可比方面的不同测量方法具有稳健性。
我们发现，与感知邻里安全度低的居民相比，感知邻里安全度高的居民休闲步行时间与道路密度和公园广场 POI 比例的相关性更强。当感知美观度高时，公园广场 POI 的比例对休闲步行时间的影响更大。邻里安全和美观作为调节因素的发现，在两项敏感性分析中都是稳健的。土地利用多样性没有显著的调节作用。
较高的邻里感知安全度可以放大道路连通性和可达性对公园广场的积极影响。邻里美观度对休闲步行时间与可达性公园广场之间的关系有积极的调节作用。研究结果强调，在估计建成环境的影响时，需要考虑安全和美观方面的差异。改善邻里安全和美观度是促进身体活动的有效干预措施中改善建成环境的关键。
