School of Psychology and Clinical Language Sciences, The University of Reading, Reading, Berkshire, UK.
J Psychopharmacol. 2024 Dec;38(12):1147-1156. doi: 10.1177/02698811241271972. Epub 2024 Aug 24.
Sensory reactivity differences are experienced by between 5% and 15% of the population, often taking the form of sensory over-responsivity (SOR), in which sensory stimuli are experienced as unusually intense and everyday function is affected. A potential mechanism underlying over-responsivity is an imbalance between neural excitation and inhibition in which inhibitory influences are relatively weakened. Therefore, interventions that boost neural inhibition or reduce neural excitation may reduce SOR; Vitamin-B6 is the coenzyme for the conversion of excitatory glutamate to inhibitory gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), and in animal models, it both increases the concentration of GABA and reduces glutamate.
To discover whether taking a high dose of Vitamin-B6 reduces SOR and other aspects of sensory reactivity.
We recruited 300 adults (249 females) from the general population who completed the Sensory Processing 3-Dimensions Scale (SP-3D) first at baseline, and again following randomisation to either 1 month's supplementation with 100 mg Vitamin-B6, or one of two control conditions (1000 µg Vitamin-B12 or placebo). To focus on individuals who experience SOR, we analysed the effects of supplementation only on individuals with high baseline SOR scores (above the 87th percentile).
In individuals with SOR at baseline, Vitamin-B6 selectively reduced SOR compared to both placebo and Vitamin-B12. We also found that Vitamin-B6 selectively reduced postural disorder in individuals with high scores on this subscale at baseline, but there were no effects on the four remaining SP-3D subscales.
Clinical trials and mechanistic studies should now be conducted in autism, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and other groups with SOR.
人群中有 5%至 15%的人会出现感觉反应性差异，通常表现为感觉过度敏感（SOR），即感觉刺激被体验为异常强烈，日常功能受到影响。过度敏感的潜在机制是神经兴奋和抑制之间的不平衡，其中抑制性影响相对减弱。因此，增强神经抑制或降低神经兴奋的干预措施可能会降低 SOR；维生素 B6 是将兴奋性谷氨酸转化为抑制性γ-氨基丁酸（GABA）的辅酶，在动物模型中，它既能增加 GABA 的浓度，又能减少谷氨酸。
发现高剂量维生素 B6 是否能降低 SOR 和其他感觉反应性方面。
我们从普通人群中招募了 300 名成年人（249 名女性），他们首先在基线时完成了感觉处理 3 维量表（SP-3D），然后随机分为 1 个月的 100mg 维生素 B6 补充组，或两种对照组（1000μg 维生素 B12 或安慰剂）之一。为了关注那些经历 SOR 的个体，我们仅分析了补充剂对基线 SOR 得分较高（高于第 87 百分位）个体的影响。
在基线时有 SOR 的个体中，与安慰剂和维生素 B12 相比，维生素 B6 选择性地降低了 SOR。我们还发现，维生素 B6 选择性地降低了基线时此子量表得分较高者的姿势障碍，但对其余四个 SP-3D 子量表没有影响。
现在应该在自闭症、注意缺陷多动障碍和其他 SOR 群体中进行临床试验和机制研究。
