来自小行星“龙宫”（162173 Ryugu）的碳质物质中有机功能化学的变化。

Variations of organic functional chemistry in carbonaceous matter from the asteroid 162173 Ryugu.

作者信息

De Gregorio Bradley, Cody George D, Stroud Rhonda M, David Kilcoyne A L, Sandford Scott, Le Guillou Corentin, Nittler Larry R, Barosch Jens, Yabuta Hikaru, Martins Zita, Kebukawa Yoko, Okumura Taiga, Hashiguchi Minako, Yamashita Shohei, Takeichi Yasuo, Takahashi Yoshio, Wakabayashi Daisuke, Engrand Cécile, Bejach Laure, Bonal Lydie, Quirico Eric, Remusat Laurent, Duprat Jean, Verdier-Paoletti Maximilien, Mostefaoui Smail, Komatsu Mutsumi, Mathurin Jérémie, Dazzi Alexandre, Deniset-Besseau Ariane, Dartois Emmanuel, Tamenori Yusuke, Suga Hiroki, Montagnac Gilles, Kamide Kanami, Shigenaka Miho, Matsumoto Megumi, Enokido Yuma, Yoshikawa Makoto, Saiki Takanao, Tanaka Satoshi, Terui Fuyuto, Nakazawa Satoru, Usui Tomohiro, Abe Masanao, Okada Tatsuaki, Yada Toru, Nishimura Masahiro, Nakato Aiko, Miyazaki Akiko, Yogata Kasumi, Yurimoto Hisayoshi, Nakamura Tomoki, Noguchi Takaaki, Okazaki Ryuji, Naraoka Hiroshi, Sakamoto Kanako, Tachibana Shogo, Watanabe Sei-Ichiro, Tsuda Yuichi

机构信息

Materials Science and Technology Division, U.S. Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, DC, USA.

Earth and Planets Laboratory, Carnegie Institution for Science, Washington, DC, USA.

出版信息

Nat Commun. 2024 Aug 29;15(1):7488. doi: 10.1038/s41467-024-51731-w.

DOI:10.1038/s41467-024-51731-w

PMID:39209830

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11362305/

Abstract

Primordial carbon delivered to the early earth by asteroids and meteorites provided a diverse source of extraterrestrial organics from pre-existing simple organic compounds, complex solar-irradiated macromolecules, and macromolecules from extended hydrothermal processing. Surface regolith collected by the Hayabusa2 spacecraft from the carbon-rich asteroid 162173 Ryugu present a unique opportunity to untangle the sources and processing history of carbonaceous matter. Here we show carbonaceous grains in Ryugu can be classified into three main populations defined by spectral shape: Highly aromatic (HA), Alkyl-Aromatic (AA), and IOM-like (IL). These carbon populations may be related to primordial chemistry, since C and N isotopic compositions vary between the three groups. Diffuse carbon is occasionally dominated by molecular carbonate preferentially associated with coarse-grained phyllosilicate minerals. Compared to related carbonaceous meteorites, the greater diversity of organic functional chemistry in Ryugu indicate the pristine condition of these asteroid samples.

摘要

小行星和陨石带到早期地球的原始碳，提供了来自既存简单有机化合物、经太阳辐射的复杂大分子以及经过长时间热液处理的大分子等多种外星有机物来源。隼鸟2号航天器从富含碳的小行星“龙宫”（162173 Ryugu）采集的表面风化层，为解开碳质物质的来源和加工历史提供了独特机会。在此我们表明，“龙宫”中的碳质颗粒可根据光谱形状分为三个主要类别：高芳香族（HA）、烷基 - 芳香族（AA）和类无定形有机物质（IL）。这些碳类别可能与原始化学有关，因为三组之间的碳和氮同位素组成有所不同。弥散碳偶尔以优先与粗粒层状硅酸盐矿物相关联的分子碳酸盐为主。与相关碳质陨石相比，“龙宫”中有机功能化学的更大多样性表明了这些小行星样本的原始状态。