Postgraduation Program in Biophotonic Medicine, Universidade Nove de Julho, UNINOVE, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
Universidad Católica del Uruguay (UCU), Montevideo, Uruguay.
PLoS One. 2024 Sep 3;19(9):e0307957. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0307957. eCollection 2024.
To assess the effectiveness of antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) employing an annatto-based (20%) dye combined with blue LED for the treatment of halitosis in mouth-breathing children.
Fifty-two children six to twelve years of age with diagnoses of mouth breathing and halitosis (score of ≥ 3 on portable breath meter) Breath Alert™ (Tanita Corporation®-Japan), were randomly allocated to two groups (n = 26). Group 1: brushing, dental floss and aPDT applied to middle third of the dorsum of the tongue. Group 2: brushing, dental floss and tongue scraper. Breath meter results before, immediately after treatment as well as seven and 30 days after treatment were compared. The hypothesis of normality in the data was discarded by the Shapiro-Wilk test (p < 0.05) and for statistical analysis the Wilcoxon and Mann-Whitney tests were used.
A significant difference was found between the pre-treatment reading and all other readings (p < 0.05) in both groups, suggesting the effectiveness of the proposed treatments. No significant difference was found between the post-treatment reading and two follow-up readings, suggesting the maintenance of the effect of treatment over time (p > 0.05). However, significant differences were found between groups for all post-treatment assessments (p < 0.0001 for all comparisons), indicating greater effectiveness with aPDT. No association was found between the initial reading and the presence of coated tongue.
Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy using annatto and blue LED proved to be a viable therapeutic option for the treatment of halitosis in mouth-breathing children.
评估采用胭脂红（20%）染料结合蓝光 LED 的抗菌光动力疗法（aPDT）治疗张口呼吸儿童口臭的疗效。
52 名 6 至 12 岁的张口呼吸和口臭（便携式口气计得分≥3）Breath Alert™（Tanita Corporation®-Japan）的儿童被随机分为两组（n=26）。组 1：刷牙、牙线和 aPDT 应用于舌背中三分之一。组 2：刷牙、牙线和舌刮板。比较治疗前、治疗后即刻以及治疗后 7 天和 30 天的口气计结果。Shapiro-Wilk 检验（p<0.05）弃用数据正态性假设，采用 Wilcoxon 和 Mann-Whitney 检验进行统计分析。
两组治疗前读数与所有其他读数之间均存在显著差异（p<0.05），提示所提出的治疗方法有效。治疗后读数与两次随访读数之间无显著差异，提示治疗效果随时间的维持（p>0.05）。然而，所有治疗后评估组间存在显著差异（所有比较均为 p<0.0001），提示 aPDT 更有效。初始读数与涂层舌的存在之间未发现相关性。
采用胭脂红和蓝光 LED 的抗菌光动力疗法是治疗张口呼吸儿童口臭的可行治疗选择。
