Genomic profiling of Antarctic geothermal microbiomes using long-read, Hi-C, and single-cell techniques.

Geothermal features in Antarctica provide favorable conditions for diverse microorganisms, yet their genomic diversity remains poorly understood. Here, we present an integrated dataset comprising PacBio HiFi and Hi-C metagenomic sequencing, along with single-cell amplified genomes (SAGs) from two high-altitude geothermal sites, Mount Melbourne and Mount Rittmann, in Antarctica. The long-read HiFi sequencing, coupled with Hi-C, enhances the understanding of microbiome diversity and functionality in this unique ecosystem by providing more complete and accurate genomic information. SAGs complement this by recovering rare microbial taxa and offering a strain-resolved perspective. This dataset aims to deepen our understanding of microbial evolution and ecology in Antarctic geothermal environments, and facilitate cross-comparison with other geothermal environments globally.