Prediction of high-risk prostate cancer based on the habitat features of biparametric magnetic resonance and the omics features of contrast-enhanced ultrasound.

RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES

To predict high-risk prostate cancer (PCa) by combining the habitat features of biparametric magnetic resonance imaging (bp-MRI) with the omics features of contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS).

MATERIALS AND METHODS

This study retrospectively collected patients with PCa confirmed by histopathology from January 2020 to June 2023. All patients underwent bp-MRI and CEUS of the prostate, followed by a targeted and transrectal systematic prostate biopsy. The cases were divided into the intermediate-low-risk group (Gleason score ≤7, n = 59) and high-risk group (Gleason score ≥8, n = 33). Radiomics prediction models, namely, MRI_habitat, CEUS_intra, and MRI-CEUS models, were developed based on the habitat features of bp-MRI, the omics features of CEUS, and a merge of features of the two, respectively. Predicted probabilities, called radscores, were then obtained. Clinical-radiological indicators were screened to construct clinic models, which generated clinic scores. The omics-clinic model was constructed by combining the radscore of MRI-CEUS and the clinic score. The predictive performance of all the models was evaluated using the receiver operating characteristic curve.

RESULTS

The area under the curve (AUC) values of the MRI-CEUS model were 0.875 and 0.842 in the training set and test set, respectively, which were higher than those of the MR_habitat (training set: 0.846, test set: 0.813), CEUS_intra (training set: 0.801, test set: 0.743), and clinic models (training set: 0.722, test set: 0.611). The omics-clinic model achieved a higher AUC (train set: 0.986, test set: 0.898).

CONCLUSIONS

The combination of the habitat features of bp-MRI and the omics features of CEUS can help predict high-risk PCa.