Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Drug Abuse, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Mental Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
Nat Commun. 2024 Oct 16;15(1):8911. doi: 10.1038/s41467-024-53308-z.
The orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) and hippocampus (HC) both contribute to the cognitive maps that support flexible behavior. Previously, we used the dopamine neurons to measure the functional role of OFC. We recorded midbrain dopamine neurons as rats performed an odor-based choice task, in which expected rewards were manipulated across blocks. We found that ipsilateral OFC lesions degraded dopaminergic prediction errors, consistent with reduced resolution of the task states. Here we have repeated this experiment in male rats with ipsilateral HC lesions. The results show HC also shapes the task states, however unlike OFC, which provides information local to the trial, the HC is necessary for estimating upper-level hidden states that distinguish blocks. The results contrast the roles of the OFC and HC in cognitive mapping and suggest that the dopamine neurons access rich information from distributed regions regarding the environment's structure, potentially enabling this teaching signal to support complex behaviors.
眶额皮层（OFC）和海马体（HC）都有助于支持灵活行为的认知地图。以前，我们使用多巴胺神经元来测量 OFC 的功能作用。当大鼠执行基于气味的选择任务时，我们记录了中脑多巴胺神经元，其中预期奖励在块之间进行了操作。我们发现，同侧 OFC 损伤降低了多巴胺能预测误差，与任务状态的分辨率降低一致。在这里，我们在雄性大鼠中重复了这个实验，其中同侧 HC 损伤。结果表明，HC 也塑造了任务状态，但是与 OFC 不同，OFC 提供了与试验局部相关的信息，HC 对于估计区分块的高层隐藏状态是必要的。结果对比了 OFC 和 HC 在认知映射中的作用，并表明多巴胺神经元可以从关于环境结构的分布式区域获取丰富的信息，从而使这个教学信号能够支持复杂的行为。
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