大规模果蔬灌溉计划对埃塞俄比亚西南部疟疾微流行病学的影响。

Impact of a large-scale fruit and vegetable irrigation scheme on the micro-epidemiology of malaria in southwest Ethiopia.

机构信息

School of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Institute of Health, Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia.

National Blood Bank Jimma Branch, Jimma, Ethiopia.

出版信息

BMC Public Health. 2024 Oct 18;24(1):2878. doi: 10.1186/s12889-024-20405-z.

DOI:10.1186/s12889-024-20405-z

PMID:39425058

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11490122/

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Malaria continues to represent an important public health problem in Ethiopia. The expansion of irrigated agricultural development projects turns out to be a major impediment to long-lasting and sustainable malaria prevention and control efforts in the country. The aim of this study was to determine the micro-epidemiology of malaria and associated risk factors in and around Gojeb Horizon Irrigation Plantation in southwest Ethiopia.

METHODS

A community-based comparative cross-sectional study was conducted from May to June 2018 in Gimbo District, southwest Ethiopia. A total of 186 households (94 from irrigated village and 92 from non-irrigated village) were randomly selected from among the communities living around the Gojeb Horizon plantation. In total, 718 individuals (368 from irrigated village and 350 from non-irrigated village) were recruited from the selected households. A finger-prick blood sample was obtained from each participant. Socio-demographic data from the households and individual study participants were collected using a semi-structured questionnaire. Multivariate regression was used to assess factors associated with micro-epidemiology of malaria. P-value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.

RESULTS

The prevalence of malaria in irrigated and non-irrigated villages was 8.2% and 3.4%, respectively. Plasmodium falciparum, Plasmodium vivax and mixed infections accounted for 57.1%, 38.1%, and 4.8% of the cases, respectively. Individuals living in the irrigated villages were 2.53 (95% CI: 1.23-5.20) times at higher risk of Plasmodium infection as compared to those living in the non-irrigated village. Age (AOR = 1.03, 95% CI: 1.01-1.06) and non-use of long-lasting insecticidal net (AOR = 2.72, 95% CI: 1.03-7.22) were co-predictors of malaria infection in the area.

CONCLUSION

This study revealed that communities living in irrigation village were at a higher risk of Plasmodium infection than those living in non-irrigated village, which necessitates the development of tailored interventions that are both targeted and customized.

摘要

背景

疟疾在埃塞俄比亚仍然是一个重要的公共卫生问题。灌溉农业发展项目的扩大，是该国疟疾防治工作难以持久和可持续的主要障碍。本研究旨在确定埃塞俄比亚西南部 Gojeb 天际灌溉种植园及其周边地区的疟疾微观流行病学和相关危险因素。

方法

2018 年 5 月至 6 月在埃塞俄比亚西南部 Gimbo 区进行了一项基于社区的对比性横断面研究。从 Gojeb 天际种植园周围的社区中随机选择了 186 户（灌溉村 94 户，非灌溉村 92 户）。从选定的家庭中总共招募了 718 人（灌溉村 368 人，非灌溉村 350 人）。从每个参与者的指尖采集血样。使用半结构式问卷收集家庭和个体研究参与者的社会人口学数据。采用多变量回归评估与疟疾微观流行病学相关的因素。P 值<0.05 被认为具有统计学意义。

结果

灌溉村和非灌溉村的疟疾患病率分别为 8.2%和 3.4%。恶性疟原虫、间日疟原虫和混合感染分别占病例的 57.1%、38.1%和 4.8%。与居住在非灌溉村的人相比，居住在灌溉村的人感染疟原虫的风险高 2.53 倍（95%CI：1.23-5.20）。年龄（AOR=1.03，95%CI：1.01-1.06）和不使用长效驱虫蚊帐（AOR=2.72，95%CI：1.03-7.22）是该地区疟疾感染的共同预测因子。