Center for Infectious Diseases, Virology, University Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.
Institute of Tropical Medicine, Universitätsklinikum Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany; Department of Parasitology, Hue University of Medicine and Pharmacy (HUMP), Hue University, Hue, Vietnam.
Int J Infect Dis. 2024 Dec;149:107275. doi: 10.1016/j.ijid.2024.107275. Epub 2024 Oct 19.
The perspective explores the emergence of autochthonous tropical diseases in Europe, driven by climate change and the associated increase in vector-borne diseases. Rising temperatures, along with changes in humidity and rainfall patterns, have altered the activity, distribution, and diversity of vectors such as mosquitoes and ticks. Species like Aedes albopictus and Aedes aegypti, which are primary vectors of dengue, have established self-sustaining populations across Europe. This spread has led to a surge in cases of dengue fever, West Nile virus, and tick-borne encephalitis in temperate regions. The complexity of predicting these outbreaks is compounded by factors like vector diapause, serological cross-reactivity, and land-use changes. The perspective calls for the implementation of enhanced surveillance, weather-linked predictive models, and robust vector control strategies to mitigate the public health risks posed by the spread of these diseases. As climate change accelerates, Europe faces increasing health threats previously confined to tropical regions, emphasizing the need for proactive public health measures to protect populations from this growing threat.
该视角探讨了气候变化和相关的虫媒传染病增加所驱动的欧洲本土热带疾病的出现。随着温度的升高，湿度和降雨模式的变化，蚊子和蜱等媒介的活动、分布和多样性发生了改变。白纹伊蚊和埃及伊蚊等主要传播登革热的物种已在欧洲各地建立了自我维持的种群。这种传播导致温带地区登革热、西尼罗河病毒和蜱传脑炎病例的激增。预测这些疫情的复杂性因媒介休眠、血清学交叉反应和土地利用变化等因素而增加。该视角呼吁实施强化监测、与天气相关的预测模型和有效的媒介控制策略，以减轻这些疾病传播带来的公共卫生风险。随着气候变化的加速，欧洲面临着以前仅限于热带地区的健康威胁的增加，这强调了需要采取积极的公共卫生措施来保护人们免受这一日益严重的威胁。
