Biomedical Engineering, University of Maryland Eastern Shore, 30665 Student Services Center, Princess Anne, MD 21853, United States of America.
Center for Dental and Craniofacial Research, College of Dental Medicine, Columbia University Medical Center, 630 W. 168th Street, VC12-210, New York, NY 10032, United States of America.
Biofabrication. 2024 Nov 11;17(1):015019. doi: 10.1088/1758-5090/ad89fe.
Three-dimensional (3D) printing incorporated with controlled delivery is an effective tool for complex tissue regeneration. Here, we explored a new strategy for spatiotemporal delivery of bioactive cues by establishing a precise-controlled micro-thin coating of hydrogel carriers on 3D-printed scaffolds. We optimized the printing parameters for three hydrogel carriers, fibrin cross-linked with genipin, methacrylate hyaluronic acid, and multidomain peptides, resulting in homogenous micro-coating on desired locations in 3D printed polycaprolactone microfibers at each layer. Using the optimized multi-head printing technique, we successfully established spatial-controlled micro-thin coating of hydrogel layers containing profibrogenic small molecules (SMs), Oxotremorine M and PPBP maleate, and a chondrogenic cue, Kartogenin. The delivered SMs showed sustained releases up to 28 d and guided regional differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells, thus leading to fibrous and cartilaginous tissue matrix formation at designated scaffold regionsand. Our micro-coating of hydrogel carriers may serve as an efficient approach to achieve spatiotemporal delivery of various bioactive cues through 3D printed scaffolds for engineering complex tissues.
三维（3D）打印与控制释放相结合是复杂组织再生的有效工具。在这里，我们通过在 3D 打印支架上建立精确控制的水凝胶载体微薄涂层，探索了生物活性线索时空传递的新策略。我们优化了三种水凝胶载体的打印参数，即与京尼平交联的纤维蛋白、甲基丙烯酸透明质酸和多结构域肽，结果在每一层的聚己内酯微纤维的所需位置上形成了均匀的微涂层。使用优化的多头打印技术，我们成功地建立了含有促纤维化小分子（SM）、Oxotremorine M 和 PPBP 马来酸以及软骨生成线索 Kartogenin 的水凝胶层的空间控制微薄涂层。所输送的 SM 持续释放长达 28 天，并指导间充质干细胞的区域分化，从而导致在指定支架区域形成纤维状和软骨状组织基质。我们的水凝胶载体微涂层可能是通过 3D 打印支架实现各种生物活性线索时空传递的有效方法，用于工程复杂组织。
