中国北京2022-2023年延迟流感季期间流感疫苗对甲型流感相关门诊及急诊就诊的流感样疾病的有效性
Influenza Vaccine Effectiveness against Influenza A-Associated Outpatient and Emergency-Department-Attended Influenza-like Illness during the Delayed 2022-2023 Season in Beijing, China.
作者信息
Zhang Li, Lu Guilan, Ma Chunna, Zhang Jiaojiao, Li Jia, Duan Wei, Ma Jiaxin, Shi Weixian, Wang Yingying, Sun Ying, Zhang Daitao, Wang Quanyi, Huo Da
机构信息
Institute for Infectious Disease and Endemic Disease Control, Beijing Center for Disease Prevention and Control, No.16 He Pingli Middle St, Dongcheng District, Beijing 100013, China.
Beijing Research Center for Respiratory Infectious Diseases, No.16 He Pingli Middle St, Dongcheng District, Beijing 100013, China.
出版信息
Vaccines (Basel). 2024 Sep 30;12(10):1124. doi: 10.3390/vaccines12101124.
BACKGROUND
During the 2022-2023 influenza season, the influenza activities in most regions of China were postponed, including Beijing. The unusually delayed influenza epidemic posed a challenge to the effectiveness of the influenza vaccine.
METHODS
Using the test-negative design, we evaluated influenza vaccine effectiveness (VE) during the 2022-2023 influenza season against influenza A-associated outpatient and emergency-department-attended influenza-like illness (ILI) in Beijing, China, from 9 January to 30 April 2023.
RESULTS
The analysis included 8301 medically attended ILI patients, of which 1342 (46.2%) had influenza A(H1N1)pdm09, 1554 (53.4%) had influenza A(H3N2), and 11 (0.4%) had co-infection of the two viruses. VE against influenza A-associated ILI patients was 23.2% (95% CI: -6.5% to 44.6%) overall, and 23.1%, 9.9%, and 33.8% among children aged 6 months to 17 years, adults aged 18-59 years, and adults aged ≥60 years, respectively. VE against influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 and against influenza A(H3N2) were 36.2% (95% CI: -1.9% to 60.1%) and 9.5% (95% CI: -34.1% to 39.0%), respectively. VE of the group with vaccination intervals of 14-90 days (70.1%, 95% CI: -145.4 to 96.4) was higher than that of the groups with a vaccination interval of 90-149 days (18.7%, 95% CI: -42.4% to 53.6%) and ≥150 days (21.2%, 95% CI: -18.8% to 47.7%).
CONCLUSIONS
A moderate VE against influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 and a low VE against influenza A(H3N2) were observed in Beijing during the 2022-2023 influenza season, a season characterized with a delayed and high-intensity influenza epidemic. VE appears to be better within three months after vaccination. Our findings indicate a potential need for the optimization of vaccination policies and underscore the importance of continuous monitoring of influenza to enhance vaccines and optimizing vaccination timing.
背景
在2022-2023年流感季，中国大部分地区包括北京的流感活动被推迟。异常延迟的流感疫情对流感疫苗的有效性构成了挑战。
方法
采用检测阴性设计，我们评估了2022-2023年流感季中国北京地区流感疫苗对甲型流感相关门诊及急诊科就诊的流感样疾病（ILI）的有效性，时间为2023年1月9日至4月30日。
结果
分析纳入了8301例就医的ILI患者，其中1342例（46.2%）感染甲型（H1N1）pdm09流感病毒，1554例（53.4%）感染甲型（H3N2）流感病毒，11例（0.4%）为两种病毒的合并感染。总体而言，流感疫苗对甲型流感相关ILI患者的有效性为23.2%（95%置信区间：-6.5%至44.6%），6个月至17岁儿童、18-59岁成年人及≥60岁成年人中的有效性分别为23.1%、9.9%和33.8%。对甲型（H1N1）pdm09流感病毒和甲型（H3N2）流感病毒的有效性分别为36.2%（95%置信区间：-1.9%至60.1%）和9.5%（95%置信区间：-34.1%至39.0%）。接种间隔为14-90天组的有效性（70.1%，95%置信区间：-145.4至96.4）高于接种间隔为90-149天组（18.7%，95%置信区间：-42.4%至53.6%）和≥150天组（21.2%，95%置信区间：-18.8%至47.7%）。
结论
在2022-2023年流感季（一个以延迟且高强度流感疫情为特征的季节），北京地区观察到流感疫苗对甲型（H1N1）pdm09流感病毒有中等有效性，对甲型（H3N2）流感病毒有低有效性。接种后三个月内有效性似乎更好。我们的研究结果表明可能需要优化疫苗接种政策，并强调持续监测流感以改进疫苗和优化接种时机的重要性。
Zotero 插件