School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo 255000, China.
Int J Mol Sci. 2024 Oct 24;25(21):11446. doi: 10.3390/ijms252111446.
Lithium-sulfur batteries (LSB) have been recognized as a prominent potential next-generation energy storage system, owing to their substantial theoretical specific capacity (1675 mAh g) and high energy density (2600 Wh kg). In addition, sulfur's abundance, low cost, and environmental friendliness make commercializing LSB feasible. However, challenges such as poor cycling stability and reduced capacity, stemming from the formation and diffusion of lithium polysulfides (LiPSs), hinder LSB's practical application. Introducing functional separators represents an effective strategy to surmount these obstacles and enhance the electrochemical performance of LSBs. Here, we have conducted a comprehensive review of recent advancements in functional separators for LSBs about various (i) carbon and metal compound materials, (ii) polymer materials, and (iii) novel separators in recent years. The detailed preparation process, morphology and performance characterization, and advantages and disadvantages are summarized, aiming to fundamentally understand the mechanisms of improving battery performance. Additionally, the development potential and future prospects of advanced separators are also discussed.
锂硫电池（LSB）因其具有较高的理论比容量（1675 mAh g）和能量密度（2600 Wh kg），被认为是一种很有前途的下一代储能系统。此外，硫的丰富性、低成本和环境友好性使得 LSB 的商业化成为可能。然而，由于多硫化物锂（LiPSs）的形成和扩散，其循环稳定性和容量降低等问题限制了其实际应用。引入功能性隔膜是克服这些障碍和提高 LSB 电化学性能的有效策略。本文对近年来在 LSB 用功能性隔膜方面的研究进展进行了综述，主要包括（i）碳和金属化合物材料、（ii）聚合物材料和（iii）新型隔膜。总结了它们的详细制备过程、形貌及性能表征、优缺点，旨在从根本上理解改善电池性能的机制。此外，还讨论了先进隔膜的发展潜力和未来前景。
