Prokhorov General Physics Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilove St. 38, 119991 Moscow, Russia.
Institute of Biology and Biomedicine, Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod Institute, Gagarin Av. 23, 603105 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia.
Int J Mol Sci. 2024 Oct 28;25(21):11563. doi: 10.3390/ijms252111563.
The use of metal and metal oxide nanoparticles is frequently regarded as a potential solution to the issue of bacterial antibiotic resistance. Among the proposed range of nanoparticles with antibacterial properties, copper oxide nanoparticles are of particular interest. Although the antibacterial properties of copper have been known for a considerable period of time, studies on the effects of copper oxide nanomaterials with respect to biological systems have attracted considerable attention in recent years. This review presents a summary of the antibacterial properties of copper oxide nanoparticles, the mechanisms by which the antibacterial effect is realized, and the key reported methods of modifying these nanoparticles to improve their antibacterial activity. A comparative analysis of the effectiveness of these nanoparticles is presented depending on the type of microorganism, the shape of the nanoparticles, and the Gram classification of bacteria based on data from published sources. In addition, the review addresses the biological activities of copper oxide nanoparticles, including their antifungal and cytotoxic properties, as well as their "antioxidant" activity. According to the conducted analysis of the literature data, it can be concluded that copper oxide nanoparticles have a significant bacteriostatic potential with respect to a wide range of microorganisms and, in some cases, contribute to the inhibition of fungal growth. At the same time, the sensitivity of Gram-positive bacteria to the effect of copper oxide nanoparticles was often higher than that of Gram-negative bacteria.
金属和金属氧化物纳米粒子的使用常被视为解决细菌抗生素耐药性问题的一种潜在方法。在具有抗菌性能的一系列纳米粒子中，氧化铜纳米粒子尤其引人注目。尽管铜的抗菌性能已经为人所知相当长一段时间，但近年来，人们对氧化铜纳米材料对生物系统的影响的研究引起了相当大的关注。
本综述总结了氧化铜纳米粒子的抗菌特性、实现抗菌效果的机制，以及关键的报道方法来改善这些纳米粒子的抗菌活性。根据已发表的研究数据，根据微生物类型、纳米粒子的形状以及细菌的革兰氏分类，对这些纳米粒子的有效性进行了比较分析。此外，本综述还讨论了氧化铜纳米粒子的生物学活性，包括其抗真菌和细胞毒性特性，以及其“抗氧化”活性。
根据对文献数据的分析，可以得出结论，氧化铜纳米粒子对广泛的微生物具有显著的抑菌潜力，在某些情况下，有助于抑制真菌的生长。同时，革兰氏阳性菌对氧化铜纳米粒子的敏感性通常高于革兰氏阴性菌。
