State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, College of Animal Science & Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China.
Int J Mol Sci. 2024 Oct 31;25(21):11700. doi: 10.3390/ijms252111700.
Aglycone soy isoflavones have notable immune-regulatory bioactivity, while glycosidic forms in soybean meal pose challenges for absorption. β-Glucosidase (EC 3.2.1.21) catalyzes the non-reducing terminal β-d-glucosidic bonds, releasing β-d-glucan and aglycones. This study evaluated the impact of enzymatically hydrolyzed soybean meal (ESM) using recombinant β-glucosidase from on the growth performance and intestinal immune function of broilers under infection. Prior to the feeding trial, soybean meal was enzymatically digested with recombinant β-glucosidase, ensuring almost complete conversion of glycosides to aglycones. After a week of pre-feeding, a total 180 healthy AA broilers were randomly assigned to three groups-control, semi-replacement of ESM (50% ESM), and full-replacement of ESM (100% ESM)-with 6 replicates of 10 chickens, and the trial lasted 28 days. On the 36th day, broilers were challenged with 1 mL of 1 × 10 CFU/mL () via gavage for 3 days. The results showed that the substitution of ESM had no effect on the body weight gain of broilers but significantly reduced the feed consumption and feed-to-gain ratio ( < 0.01). The study revealed that significantly disrupted jejunal morphology, while ESM significantly mitigated this damage ( < 0.05). Real-time PCR results demonstrated that compared to the group, ESM restored -induced intestinal barrier impairments (e.g., , , ), normalized aberrant cellular proliferation () and apoptosis ( and ), and upregulated the expression of anti-inflammatory factor while suppressing pro-inflammatory cytokines (, , and ) ( < 0.05). Moreover, flow cytometry analyses demonstrated that ESM promoted Treg cell-derived Il-10, which alleviated macrophage-derived inflammation. Substituting conventional soybean meal with β-glucosidase, enzymatically treated, significantly reduced feed consumption and alleviated the intestinal damage and immune dysfunctions induced by infection in broilers.
大豆异黄酮苷元具有显著的免疫调节生物活性，而大豆粕中的糖苷形式则对吸收构成挑战。β-葡萄糖苷酶（EC 3.2.1.21）催化非还原末端的β-D-葡萄糖苷键，释放β-D-葡萄糖和苷元。本研究评估了来自的重组β-葡萄糖苷酶对感染后肉鸡生长性能和肠道免疫功能的影响。在进行饲养试验之前，使用重组β-葡萄糖苷酶对大豆粕进行酶解，确保糖苷几乎完全转化为苷元。经过一周的预饲后，将 180 只健康的 AA 肉鸡随机分为三组-对照组、半替代 ESM（50% ESM）和完全替代 ESM（100% ESM）-每组 10 只鸡，共 6 个重复，试验持续 28 天。第 36 天，通过灌胃给肉鸡 1 毫升 1×10 CFU/mL 的（），连续 3 天。结果表明，替代 ESM 对肉鸡体重增加没有影响，但显著降低了饲料消耗和饲料增重比（<0.01）。研究表明，显著破坏了空肠形态，而 ESM 显著减轻了这种损伤（<0.05）。实时 PCR 结果表明，与组相比，ESM 恢复了-诱导的肠道屏障损伤（例如，、、），使异常的细胞增殖（）和凋亡（和）正常化，并上调抗炎因子的表达，同时抑制促炎细胞因子（、和）（<0.05）。此外，流式细胞术分析表明，ESM 促进了 Treg 细胞衍生的 Il-10，从而减轻了巨噬细胞衍生的炎症。用β-葡萄糖苷酶酶解替代常规大豆粕，可显著降低饲料消耗，并减轻肉鸡感染引起的肠道损伤和免疫功能障碍。
