College of Information Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China.
Global Health Institute, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an 710061, China.
Nutrients. 2024 Oct 25;16(21):3618. doi: 10.3390/nu16213618.
Exercise or vitamin D intervention can reduce the risk of arterial stiffness; however, the underlying mechanisms of lipid metabolism remain unexplored. To examine the effects of a 12-week moderate and vigorous exercise program (65-80% maximal heart rate, 60 min/time, 2~3 times/week) with or without vitamin D supplementation (1000 IU/day) on the reduction in arterial stiffness and further explore whether the effects of interventions could be associated with the basal lipidome among patients with Type 2 diabetes mellitum (T2DM).
61 patients with T2DM were randomly assigned to the following groups: control (CON, = 15), exercise (EX, = 14), vitamin D (VD, = 16), and exercise + vitamin D (EX + VD, = 16). Arterial stiffness risk factors (ankle-brachial index (ABI); brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV), systolic blood pressure (SBP), and diastolic blood pressure (DBP)) were evaluated before and after the intervention. The plasma lipidome was determined using ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry. Machine learning was applied to establish prediction models for the responsiveness to arterial stiffness.
Vitamin D supplementation could inhibit the decrease in the ankle-brachial index (mean ± SD: EX + VD and VD, -0.001 ± 0.058; EX + CON, -0.047 ± -0.089; = 0.03). We observed high inter-individual variability in the arterial stiffness risk factors in response to the interventions. We also found that optimally selecting the lipid predictors at baseline, such as SM d44:6, LPE 18:2, and Hex2Cer 29:0, could enhance the predictive power by 100% for arm SBP changes in the exercise group. Basal levels of Cer (33:1) and GM3 (44:4) could enhance the predictive power by 100% for changes in baPWV in the vitamin D group.
A 12-week vitamin D supplementation was beneficial in preventing arterial stiffness. Compared with traditional clinical risk factors, specific lipids at baseline could significantly improve the ability to predict intervention-induced changes in the reduction of arterial stiffness.
运动或维生素 D 干预可以降低动脉僵硬的风险；然而，脂质代谢的潜在机制仍未得到探索。本研究旨在观察为期 12 周的中等强度和剧烈运动方案（最大心率的 65-80%，每次 60 分钟，每周 2-3 次）与或不与维生素 D 补充（1000IU/天）对动脉僵硬降低的影响，并进一步探讨干预措施的效果是否与 2 型糖尿病（T2DM）患者的基础脂质组学有关。
61 名 T2DM 患者被随机分为以下组：对照组（CON，n=15）、运动组（EX，n=14）、维生素 D 组（VD，n=16）和运动+维生素 D 组（EX+VD，n=16）。在干预前后评估动脉僵硬风险因素（踝臂指数（ABI）；臂踝脉搏波速度（baPWV）、收缩压（SBP）和舒张压（DBP））。使用超高效液相色谱串联质谱法测定血浆脂质组。应用机器学习建立动脉僵硬反应性的预测模型。
维生素 D 补充可抑制踝臂指数的降低（平均值±标准差：EX+VD 和 VD，-0.001±0.058；EX+CON，-0.047±-0.089；=0.03）。我们观察到干预措施对动脉僵硬风险因素的个体反应存在高度的变异性。我们还发现，在基线时最佳选择脂质预测因子，如 SM d44:6、LPE 18:2 和 Hex2Cer 29:0，可使运动组臂 SBP 变化的预测能力提高 100%。基础 Cer（33:1）和 GM3（44:4）水平可使维生素 D 组 baPWV 变化的预测能力提高 100%。
12 周的维生素 D 补充有益于预防动脉僵硬。与传统临床危险因素相比，基线时的特定脂质可显著提高预测干预引起的动脉僵硬降低的能力。
