Zhu Guanglong, Liu Jiao, Wu Hao, Zhu Yiming, Nimir Nimir Eltyb Ahmed, Zhou Guisheng
Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, The Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China.
Jiangsu Provincial Key Lab of Crop Genetics and Physiology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China.
Plants (Basel). 2024 Nov 4;13(21):3103. doi: 10.3390/plants13213103.
The forage shortage is more aggravating than ever before, with husbandry development accelerating and meat and dairy product demand increasing. Salinized soils are important reserve land encouraged to be used for forage production in China. However, the salt-tolerant cultivation techniques for forage crops are still inadequate. Therefore, a field experiment was conducted to study the effects of the mixed cropping ratio of oat and alfalfa on plant growth and physiological traits, forage yield, and forage quality in saline soils. Oat ( L.) variety of Canadian Monopoly and alfalfa variety of WL525HQ were used, and five mixed cropping ratios (T1 = 100% oat + 0% alfalfa, CK, T2 = 75% oat + 25% alfalfa, T3 = 50% oat + 50% alfalfa, T4 = 25% oat + 75% alfalfa, and T5 = 0% oat + 100% alfalfa) were evaluated. The results showed that plant height, chlorophyll, soluble sugar, starch, antioxidant enzymes, and crude fat were increased firstly and then decreased prominently with decreased oats and increased alfalfa sowing rate; the maximum values showed under T2 but the minimum value under T5 at evaluated growth periods. On the contrary, malondialdehyde and acid detergent fiber were significantly decreased and then increased; the lowest contents were recorded under T2 and highest under T5. Furthermore, the relative growth rate, forage yield, neutral detergent fiber, and crude ash were decreased prominently with decreased oats and increased alfalfa sowing rate, and the highest and lowest values showed under T1 and T5, respectively. Oppositely, the contents of sucrose, proline, N, P, K, relative feeding value, and crude protein were all increased, with the highest contents generated under T2 and the lowest under T1. On the whole, the mixed cropping treatment of T2 showed the best performance in improving both biomass yield and forage quality by enhanced antioxidant enzyme activity, osmotic regulatory substances, and nutrient uptake and utilization. Therefore, this study indicates that 75% oat mixed cropping with 25% alfalfa can be recommended as a salt-tolerant cultivation technique for forage high-yield and high-quality production in moderately saline soil.
随着畜牧业发展加速以及肉类和奶制品需求增加，饲料短缺问题比以往任何时候都更加严峻。盐渍土是中国鼓励用于饲料生产的重要后备土地。然而，饲料作物的耐盐栽培技术仍不完善。因此，开展了一项田间试验，研究燕麦和苜蓿混播比例对盐渍土中植物生长和生理特性、饲料产量及饲料品质的影响。试验采用加拿大专卖燕麦品种和WL525HQ苜蓿品种，并评估了五个混播比例（T1 = 100%燕麦 + 0%苜蓿，CK，T2 = 75%燕麦 + 25%苜蓿，T3 = 50%燕麦 + 50%苜蓿，T4 = 25%燕麦 + 75%苜蓿，T5 = 0%燕麦 + 100%苜蓿）。结果表明，随着燕麦播种量减少和苜蓿播种量增加，株高、叶绿素、可溶性糖、淀粉、抗氧化酶和粗脂肪含量先增加后显著下降；在各评估生长阶段，最大值出现在T2处理，最小值出现在T5处理。相反，丙二醛和酸性洗涤纤维含量显著下降后又上升；最低含量出现在T2处理，最高含量出现在T5处理。此外，随着燕麦播种量减少和苜蓿播种量增加，相对生长速率、饲料产量、中性洗涤纤维和粗灰分显著下降，最高值和最低值分别出现在T1和T5处理。相反，蔗糖、脯氨酸、氮、磷、钾、相对饲用价值和粗蛋白含量均增加，最高含量出现在T2处理，最低含量出现在T1处理。总体而言，T2混播处理通过增强抗氧化酶活性、渗透调节物质以及养分吸收和利用，在提高生物量产量和饲料品质方面表现最佳。因此，本研究表明，75%燕麦与25%苜蓿混播可作为中度盐渍土上饲料高产优质生产的耐盐栽培技术推荐使用。
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