Emerg Infect Dis. 2024 Nov;30(14):105-110. doi: 10.3201/eid3014.240128.
We performed nanopore-based metagenomic screening on 885 ticks collected from 6 locations in Mongolia and divided the results into 68 samples: 23 individual samples and 45 pools of 2-12 tick samples each. We detected bacterial and parasitic pathogens Anaplasma ovis, Babesia microti, Coxiella burnetii, Borrelia miyamotoi, Francisella tularensis subsp. holarctica and novicida, Spiroplasma ixodetis, Theileria equi, and Rickettsia spp., including R. raoultii, R. slovaca, and R. canadensis. We identified the viral pathogens Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus (2.9%), recently described Alongshan virus (ALSV) (2.9%), and Beiji nairovirus (5.8%). We assembled ALSV genomes, and maximum-likelihood analyses revealed clustering with viruses reported in humans and ticks from China. For ALSV, we identified surface glycoprotein markers associated with isolates from Asia viruses hosted by Ixodes persulcatus ticks. We also detected 20 virus species of unknown public health impact, including a near-complete Yanggou tick virus genome. Our findings demonstrate that nanopore sequencing can aid in detecting endemic and emerging tickborne pathogens.
我们对从蒙古 6 个地点采集的 885 只蜱虫进行了基于纳米孔的宏基因组筛查，并将结果分为 68 个样本：23 个个体样本和 45 个 2-12 只蜱虫样本的混合样本。我们检测到细菌和寄生虫病原体绵羊泰勒虫、微小巴贝斯虫、贝氏柯克斯体、伯氏疏螺旋体、土拉弗朗西斯菌亚种、弗朗西斯菌和 novicida、螺旋体 ixodetis、马泰勒虫以及立克次体属，包括拉乌尔泰勒虫、斯洛伐克立克次体和加拿大立克次体。我们还鉴定了克里米亚-刚果出血热病毒（2.9%）、新描述的 Alongshan 病毒（ALSV）（2.9%）和贝日阿托诺夫病毒（5.8%）等病毒病原体。我们组装了 ALSV 基因组，最大似然分析显示与在中国的人类和蜱虫中报告的病毒聚类。对于 ALSV，我们鉴定了与 Ixodes persulcatus 蜱虫携带的亚洲病毒分离株相关的表面糖蛋白标记物。我们还检测到了 20 种具有未知公共卫生影响的病毒，包括一个近乎完整的杨沟蜱病毒基因组。我们的研究结果表明，纳米孔测序有助于检测地方性和新出现的蜱传病原体。
