老年慢性肾脏病与心血管疾病危险因素的关系：法萨和沙赫德埃希队列研究第一阶段的结果。

Association between chronic kidney disease and cardiovascular disease risk factors in elderly: results from the first phase of Fasa and Shahedieh cohort studies.

机构信息

Noncommunicable Diseases Research Center, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran.

Yazd Cardiovascular Research Centre, Non-Communicable Disease Research Institute, Shahid Sadoughi University, Jomhouri Blvd, Yazd, Iran.

出版信息

BMC Nephrol. 2024 Nov 18;25(1):413. doi: 10.1186/s12882-024-03566-2.

DOI:10.1186/s12882-024-03566-2

PMID:39558269

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11571757/

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is associated with increased cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors and morbidity in the elderly population. This study aimed to examine the association between CKD and CVD risk factors in the elderly population of Fasa and Yazd (Shahdieh), Iran, using the data from the enrolment phase of Fasa and Shahedieh cohort studies.

METHODS

We conducted a cross-sectional analytical study using data from Fasa and Shahedieh cohort studies, which enrolled 1487 and 1507 participants aged over 60 years, respectively. We collected data on demographic and clinical variables, kidney problems, and CVD from the two studies. We estimated the glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) using the modification of diet in renal disease (MDRD) formula and considered values less than 60 ml/min/1.73 m2 as CKD. We used independent t-tests, Spearman's correlation coefficient, chi-square, one-way analysis of variance, and logistic regression to analyze the data. We performed the analyses using SPSS V. 22.0 software and set the significance level at 0.05.

RESULTS

The overall prevalence of CKD was 41.9%; 25.7% in women and 16.2% in men. The prevalence of CKD based on reported kidney problems was 1.7%, of which 54.7% were in stage 3 of CKD. Compared to participants in the early stages of CKD, participants in advanced stages had a higher prevalence of diabetes (p < 0.001), hypertension (p < 0.001), ischemic heart disease (IHD) (p < 0.001), and myocardial infarction (p < 0.001). In addition, participants in higher stages of CKD were more obese, had lower physical activity, smoked more, and consumed more opium (p < 0.001).

CONCLUSION

Our study showed that more than half of the patients were in stage three CKD, which is an advanced stage of this disease. Diabetes Melitus, hypertension, dyslipidemia, IHD, and myocardial infarction were more prevalent in patients than others. These findings demonstrate the importance of screening for CKD in patients with diabetes mellitus and hypertension. The results also suggest that lifestyle modification and prevention strategies are needed to reduce the burden of CKD and CVD in this population.

摘要

背景

慢性肾脏病（CKD）与老年人群心血管疾病（CVD）风险因素和发病率的增加有关。本研究旨在使用伊朗法萨和沙希德耶（Shahdieh）队列研究入组阶段的数据，研究 CKD 与老年人群 CVD 风险因素之间的关系。

方法

我们使用法萨和沙希德耶队列研究的数据进行了一项横断面分析性研究，分别纳入了 1487 名和 1507 名年龄在 60 岁以上的参与者。我们从这两项研究中收集了人口统计学和临床变量、肾脏问题和 CVD 数据。我们使用肾脏病饮食改良公式（MDRD）估算肾小球滤过率（eGFR），并将低于 60 ml/min/1.73 m2 的值视为 CKD。我们使用独立 t 检验、斯皮尔曼相关系数、卡方检验、单因素方差分析和 logistic 回归分析来分析数据。我们使用 SPSS V. 22.0 软件进行分析，并将显著性水平设为 0.05。

结果

总体 CKD 患病率为 41.9%；女性为 25.7%，男性为 16.2%。基于报告的肾脏问题，CKD 的患病率为 1.7%，其中 54.7%处于 CKD 第 3 期。与 CKD 早期阶段的参与者相比，晚期阶段的参与者中糖尿病（p<0.001）、高血压（p<0.001）、缺血性心脏病（IHD）（p<0.001）和心肌梗死（p<0.001）的患病率更高。此外，CKD 晚期阶段的参与者更肥胖、体力活动水平更低、吸烟更多、吸食鸦片更多（p<0.001）。

结论

我们的研究表明，超过一半的患者处于 CKD 第 3 期，这是该疾病的晚期阶段。与其他参与者相比，糖尿病患者、高血压患者、血脂异常患者、IHD 患者和心肌梗死患者的患病率更高。这些发现表明，在患有糖尿病和高血压的患者中筛查 CKD 非常重要。结果还表明，需要改变生活方式和预防策略，以减轻该人群 CKD 和 CVD 的负担。