Ajaba Mathias O, Agbo Bassey E, Umoh Nse, Udoh Ekaette S, Gulack Alpha O, Ushie Andrew, Izachi Friday O, Ateb Bethel C
Department of Science Laboratory Technology, University of Calabar, Calabar, Nigeria.
Department of Microbiology, University of Calabar, Calabar, Nigeria.
In Silico Pharmacol. 2024 Nov 20;12(2):111. doi: 10.1007/s40203-024-00279-0. eCollection 2024.
Wound infection poses a significant global health threat, as it is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality among surgical patients and individuals with burn injuries, resulting in substantial healthcare burdens and devastating outcomes worldwide. , , and have frequently been implicated as major pathogens causing wound infections. This has eventually and consistently given rise to antimicrobial resistance divulging a need to mitigate infectious outbreaks. Herein, we employed a computational density functional theory (DFT) method at ωB97XD/6-311++g(d, p) level of theory to evaluate the performance of the thiophene derivative 5-(4-bromo-5-(methylthio)thiophen-2-yl)-4-phenyl-4H-1,2,4-triazole-3-thiol 4, which is experimentally synthesized into five compounds (4a, 4b, 4c, 4d, and 4e). The chemical reactivity, kinetic stability, nature of interactions and functional characteristics of the thiophene derivatives were ascertained. The resistance gene PDB ID: 1K25, 2D45, 4UOT, and 7K2X were employed and docked with thiophene derivatives. Interestingly, molecular docking analysis demonstrated that ligands 4a, 4b, 4c, 4d, and 4e are more effective against proteins 1K25, 4U0T and 7K2X than amoxicillin and methicillin. Upon docking with the 2D45 protein, compounds 4c and 4e (- 5.9 kcal/mol) exhibited potential similar to that of methicillin (- 5.9 kcal/mol), while 4a and 4b showed slightly better affinities (- 6.1 kcal/mol and 6.0 kcal/mol). Using Lipinski's Rule of Five (Ghose filter, Veber rules, Muegge filter, and Egan's rule), 4d and 4e were determined to be the most promising candidates for drug development due to their compliance with all evaluated criteria, indicating favourable properties for oral bioavailability and drug likeness. This research suggested that thiophene derivatives can serve as promising antibacterial agents against wound-infected bacteria.
伤口感染对全球健康构成重大威胁,因为它是外科手术患者和烧伤患者发病和死亡的主要原因,在全球范围内造成了巨大的医疗负担和灾难性后果。金黄色葡萄球菌、大肠杆菌和铜绿假单胞菌经常被认为是导致伤口感染的主要病原体。这最终且持续导致了抗菌药物耐药性,揭示了减轻感染爆发的必要性。在此,我们采用密度泛函理论(DFT)方法,在ωB97XD/6-311++g(d, p)理论水平下,评估噻吩衍生物5-(4-溴-5-(甲硫基)噻吩-2-基)-4-苯基-4H-1,2,4-三唑-3-硫醇4的性能,该化合物经实验合成得到五种化合物(4a、4b、4c、4d和4e)。确定了噻吩衍生物的化学反应性、动力学稳定性、相互作用性质和功能特性。使用耐药基因PDB ID:1K25、2D45、4UOT和7K2X与噻吩衍生物进行对接。有趣的是,分子对接分析表明,配体4a、4b、4c、4d和4e对蛋白质1K25、4U0T和7K2X的效果比阿莫西林和甲氧西林更好。与2D45蛋白对接时,化合物4c和4e(-5.9 kcal/mol)表现出与甲氧西林(-5.9 kcal/mol)相似的潜力,而4a和4b表现出稍好的亲和力(-6.1 kcal/mol和-6.0 kcal/mol)。根据Lipinski的五规则(戈什过滤器、韦伯规则、穆格过滤器和伊根规则),4d和4e因其符合所有评估标准,被确定为药物开发最有前景的候选物,表明它们具有良好的口服生物利用度和药物相似性。这项研究表明,噻吩衍生物可作为治疗伤口感染细菌的有前景的抗菌剂。