Department of Economics, Metropolitan Autonomous University, Campus Azcapotzalco, Av. San Pablo 420, Col. Nueva El Rosario, Alcaldía Azcapotzalco, México City 02128, Mexico.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2024 Oct 23;21(11):1399. doi: 10.3390/ijerph21111399.
In Mexico, 1.9% of child mortality among children aged 3 to 15 years is attributed to waterborne gastrointestinal diseases (WGD). This study employs a generalized bivariate logit econometric model to simulate the relationships between mortality risks and seven explanatory variables. Based on the model results and sensitivity analysis of the estimated parameters, a set of policies was designed to reduce the likelihood of child mortality. The proposed strategy involves implementing the following public policies, primarily targeting communities with extreme and high marginalization: increasing access to drinking water, improving housing conditions, expanding parental basic education coverage, and providing nutrition and healthcare to children from an early age. The findings reveal that children who speak an indigenous language face a mortality risk from WGD that is three times higher than those who do not, while children who receive medical services have a 29% lower risk of mortality compared to those who do not have access to them. It is recommended to offer free medical care in indigenous languages within high-marginalization communities. The combined impact of these policies is expected to significantly reduce child mortality due to WGD.
在墨西哥，3 至 15 岁儿童的死亡率中有 1.9%归因于水源性胃肠道疾病（WGD）。本研究采用广义双变量逻辑回归计量经济学模型来模拟死亡率风险与七个解释变量之间的关系。基于模型结果和估计参数的敏感性分析，设计了一组政策来降低儿童死亡率的可能性。拟议的策略包括实施以下公共政策，主要针对极端和高度贫困的社区：增加饮用水的获取途径、改善住房条件、扩大父母基础教育的覆盖范围、并为儿童提供营养和医疗保健，从早期开始。研究结果表明，讲土著语言的儿童患水源性胃肠道疾病的死亡率是不讲土著语言的儿童的三倍，而接受医疗服务的儿童的死亡率比没有接受医疗服务的儿童低 29%。建议在高贫困社区提供免费的土著语言医疗服务。这些政策的综合影响有望显著降低因水源性胃肠道疾病导致的儿童死亡率。
