Department of Medicine, Federal University of Sergipe (UFS), Aracaju 49100-000, Brazil.
Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, Federal University of Sergipe (UFS), Aracaju 49060-676, Brazil.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2024 Nov 11;21(11):1498. doi: 10.3390/ijerph21111498.
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is a relatively prevalent disease, primarily of a genetic etiology, affecting both sexes and characterized by left ventricular hypertrophy. However, limitations within healthcare systems, socioracial factors, and the issue of underdiagnosis hinder accurate mortality assessments in our region. This study, therefore, aimed to assess the mortality trends associated with HCM in Brazil from 2010 to 2020, with a focus on socioracial factors and healthcare disparities. This ecological, time-series study employed a quantitative approach based on secondary data from the Mortality System (SIM) developed by the Brazilian Ministry of Health. Mortality incidence and trend analyses were conducted using the average annual percent change (AAPC) and the annual percent change (APC). The results indicated a predominance of HCM-related deaths among white males aged 40 years and older. Additionally, an increasing trend in HCM-related mortality was observed among white and brown males and females aged 40 years and above from 2010 to 2018. Throughout the entire period covered in the study, the incidence of deaths due to HCM increased by 18.3% and 69.8% in the northeastern and southeastern regions. The findings suggest that health system managers should consider addressing the factors influencing HCM mortality and encourage the development and implementation of clinical protocols across healthcare institutions nationwide. Such protocols are recommended to facilitate early diagnosis and establish effective treatment strategies, ultimately aiming to improve the survival rates and quality of life for individuals affected by HCM.
肥厚型心肌病（HCM）是一种较为常见的疾病，主要由遗传因素引起，影响男女两性，其特征为左心室肥厚。然而，由于医疗保健系统的局限性、社会种族因素以及漏诊问题，本地区的死亡率评估存在一定的障碍。因此，本研究旨在评估 2010 年至 2020 年巴西肥厚型心肌病相关死亡率的变化趋势，重点关注社会种族因素和医疗保健差距。这项生态时间序列研究采用了定量方法，基于巴西卫生部开发的死亡率系统（SIM）的二级数据。使用平均年变化百分比（AAPC）和年变化百分比（APC）对死亡率的发生率和趋势进行了分析。结果表明，40 岁及以上白人男性的肥厚型心肌病相关死亡率较高。此外，2010 年至 2018 年期间，40 岁及以上的白人及棕色人种男性和女性的肥厚型心肌病相关死亡率呈上升趋势。在整个研究期间，东北地区和东南部地区因肥厚型心肌病死亡的发生率分别增加了 18.3%和 69.8%。这些发现表明，卫生系统管理者应考虑解决影响肥厚型心肌病死亡率的因素，并鼓励在全国各医疗机构制定和实施临床方案。建议制定这些方案，以促进早期诊断，并建立有效的治疗策略，最终提高肥厚型心肌病患者的生存率和生活质量。
