IR Group C-13 "Chronicity, Dependency, Health Care and Services", Malaga Biomedical Research Institute and Nanomedicine Platform (IBIMA BIONAND Platform), 29071 Malaga, Spain.
Clinical Management Unit Los Boliches, Andalusian Health Service, District Costa del Sol, 29603 Malaga, Spain.
Nutrients. 2024 Nov 12;16(22):3863. doi: 10.3390/nu16223863.
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Patients with dementia present with feeding difficulties (FDs) since diagnosis, conditioning their progression. Early identification is vital for preventing deterioration due to nutritional problems. The Edinburgh Feeding Evaluation in Dementia Scale (EdFED) identifies the FDs of patients with dementia by studying their behaviours while eating or being fed. The aim of this study was to assess the responsiveness of the EdFED over time in older people with cognitive impairment and to compare its effectiveness in identifying malnutrition and risk with that of the gold standard Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA) method.
This was a multicentre, prospective, observational, longitudinal, analytic study with a follow-up period of 18 months (with patients participating in nursing homes and in the community). Sociodemographic and nutritional data (body mass index (BMI), MNA, forearm circumference (FC), calf circumference (CC), and a nutritional blood test) were collected; EdFED score was reported by nurses, nursing assistants, and family caregivers.
The total sample consisted of 359 individuals-60.7% residential participants and 39.3% community participants. In the last follow-up there were 149 remaining (41.5%). Malnutrition was more than 30%, and the risk was 40% at the three follow-ups. The results suggest that the EdFED scale is a useful tool for assessing feeding difficulties (FDs) in older persons with dementia. It demonstrated good sensitivity and specificity in detecting malnutrition, similar to the MNA, and, more importantly, detecting risk and also identifying changes in nutritional status over time.
The EdFED scale provides a means of evaluating nutritional problems, making it possible to work on prevention.
背景/目的：痴呆患者从确诊起就存在进食困难（FDs），这会影响其病情进展。早期识别对于预防因营养问题导致的病情恶化至关重要。爱丁堡痴呆进食评估量表（EdFED）通过研究患者进食或喂食时的行为来识别痴呆患者的 FDs。本研究旨在评估认知障碍老年人中 EdFED 的时间反应性，并比较其识别营养不良和风险的效果与金标准迷你营养评估（MNA）方法的效果。
这是一项多中心、前瞻性、观察性、纵向、分析性研究，随访期为 18 个月（患者参与疗养院和社区）。收集社会人口统计学和营养数据（体重指数（BMI）、MNA、前臂周长（FC）、小腿周长（CC）和营养血液检查）；护士、护理助理和家庭护理人员报告 EdFED 评分。
总样本包括 359 人-60.7%为住院患者，39.3%为社区患者。最后一次随访时有 149 人（41.5%）仍在随访。在三次随访中，营养不良超过 30%，风险为 40%。结果表明，EdFED 量表是评估痴呆老年人进食困难（FDs）的有用工具。它在检测营养不良方面具有良好的敏感性和特异性，与 MNA 相似，更重要的是，它可以检测风险，并识别随时间变化的营养状况。
EdFED 量表提供了一种评估营养问题的方法，使预防成为可能。
