Papadopoulou Dimitra, Chrysikopoulou Vasiliki, Rampaouni Aikaterini, Tsoupras Alexandros
Hephaestus Laboratory, School of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Democritus University of Thrace, Kavala University Campus, 65404, Kavala, Greece.
AIMS Microbiol. 2024 Sep 5;10(4):756-811. doi: 10.3934/microbiol.2024034. eCollection 2024.
Inflammation and oxidative stress are implicated in several chronic disorders, while healthy foods and especially fermented beverages and those containing probiotics can provide anti-inflammatory and antioxidant protection against such manifestations and the associated disorders. Water kefir is such a beverage that is rich in both probiotic microbiota and anti-inflammatory bioactives, with an increasing demand as an alternative to a fermented product based on non-dairy matrix with potential health properties. Within this study, the health-promoting properties of the most representative species and strains of microorganisms present in water kefir grains, as well as the health benefits attributed to the bioactive metabolites produced by each individual strain in a series of their cultures, were thoroughly reviewed. Emphasis was given to the antioxidant, antithrombotic, and anti-inflammatory bio-functionalities of both the cultured microorganisms and the bioactive metabolites produced in each case. Moreover, an extensive presentation of the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory health benefits observed from the overall water kefir cultures and classic water kefir beverages obtained were also conducted. Finally, the use of water kefir for the production of several other bio-functional products, including fermented functional foods, supplements, nutraceuticals, nutricosmetics, cosmeceuticals, and cosmetic applications with anti-inflammatory and antioxidant health promoting potential was also thoroughly discussed. Limitations and future perspectives on the use of water kefir, its microorganisms, and their bioactive metabolites are also outlined.
炎症和氧化应激与多种慢性疾病有关，而健康食品，尤其是发酵饮料和含有益生菌的食品，可以提供抗炎和抗氧化保护，以抵御此类症状及相关疾病。水开菲尔就是这样一种饮料，它富含益生菌微生物群和抗炎生物活性物质，作为一种具有潜在健康特性的非乳制品基质发酵产品的替代品，其需求日益增加。在本研究中，对水开菲尔粒中最具代表性的微生物种类和菌株的健康促进特性，以及在一系列培养物中每种菌株产生的生物活性代谢产物所带来的健康益处进行了全面综述。重点关注了培养微生物以及每种情况下产生的生物活性代谢产物的抗氧化、抗血栓和抗炎生物功能。此外，还对从整体水开菲尔培养物和经典水开菲尔饮料中观察到的抗氧化和抗炎健康益处进行了广泛介绍。最后，还深入讨论了水开菲尔在生产其他几种生物功能产品中的应用，包括具有抗炎和抗氧化健康促进潜力的发酵功能食品、补充剂、营养保健品、营养化妆品、药妆品和化妆品。还概述了水开菲尔及其微生物和生物活性代谢产物使用方面的局限性和未来前景。
