Hullenaar Keith L, Fisher Benjamin W, Zatzick Douglas F, Rivara Frederick P
Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA.
Department of Civil Society and Community Studies, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA.
J Sch Health. 2025 Feb;95(2):134-141. doi: 10.1111/josh.13530. Epub 2025 Jan 2.
School shooting events and lockdowns have increased in the United States, raising concerns about their impact on youth mental health.
This study assessed the association between school lockdowns and changes in youth mental health in 10,049 children who participated in the Adolescent Brain and Cognitive Development study. The exposure was school lockdowns related to violence and shooting incidents, and the outcomes were Child Behavior Checklist scores on five mental health disorders.
Approximately 20.3% of children reported ever experiencing a school lockdown with 39.3% of these lockdowns occurring in the past year. Past-year lockdown exposure (versus no lockdown exposure) was associated with increased symptoms of anxiety disorders (β = 0.20, 95% CI: 0.01, 0.38), somatic disorders (β = 0.23, 95% CI: 0.09, 0.38), and stress problems (β = 0.30, 95% CI: 0.05, 0.56). Among children who reported a past-year lockdown, those indicating clinical ranges of ADHD (OR = 2.23, 95% CI: 1.17, 4.25) or stress problems (OR = 2.75, 95% CI: 1.05, 7.25) had higher odds than their counterparts of reporting that the lockdown had a lot/some impact (versus little/no impact).
IMPLICATIONS FOR SCHOOL HEALTH POLICY, PRACTICE, AND EQUITY: Emergency preparedness in schools should prioritize mental health support post-lockdowns.
Research and funding are needed to understand the nature, frequency, and consequences of school lockdowns.
美国校园枪击事件及封锁措施不断增加，这引发了人们对其对青少年心理健康影响的担忧。
本研究评估了参与青少年大脑与认知发展研究的10,049名儿童中，校园封锁与青少年心理健康变化之间的关联。暴露因素为与暴力和枪击事件相关的校园封锁，结果指标为五种心理健康障碍的儿童行为清单得分。
约20.3%的儿童报告曾经历过校园封锁，其中39.3%的封锁发生在过去一年。过去一年经历过封锁（与未经历封锁相比）与焦虑症症状增加（β = 0.20，95%置信区间：0.01，0.38）、躯体疾病症状增加（β = 0.23，95%置信区间：0.09，0.38）以及压力问题增加（β = 0.30，95%置信区间：0.05，0.56）相关。在报告过去一年经历过封锁的儿童中，那些显示出临床范围内多动症（比值比 = 2.23，95%置信区间：1.17，4.25）或压力问题（比值比 = 2.75，95%置信区间：1.05，7.25）的儿童，比起那些报告封锁影响很小/没有影响的儿童，报告封锁有很大/一定影响的几率更高。
对学校健康政策、实践和公平性的启示：学校的应急准备应将封锁后的心理健康支持作为优先事项。
需要进行研究和提供资金，以了解校园封锁的性质、频率和后果。
