Hogea Lavinia, Tabugan Dana Cătălina, Costea Iuliana, Albai Oana, Nussbaum Laura, Cojocaru Adriana, Corsaro Leonardo, Anghel Teodora
Neuroscience Department, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania.
Neuropsychology and Behavioral Medicine Center, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania.
Medicina (Kaunas). 2025 Feb 6;61(2):278. doi: 10.3390/medicina61020278.
: Substance use disorders (SUDs) affect millions worldwide. Despite increasing drug use, treatment options remain limited. Psychedelic-assisted therapy (PAT), integrating psychedelic substances with psychotherapy, offers a promising alternative by addressing underlying neural mechanisms. : This review's purpose is to investigate the current understanding of psychedelic therapy for treating SUDs, including tobacco, alcohol, and drug addiction. The systematic review approach focused on clinical trials and randomized controlled trials conducted from 2013 to 2023. The search was performed using PubMed, Google Scholar, and Consensus AI, following PRISMA guidelines. Studies involving psychedelics like LSD, psilocybin, ibogaine, and ayahuasca for treating various addictions were included, excluding naturalistic studies and reviews. : Our results highlight the key findings from 16 clinical trials investigating psychedelic therapy for SUDs. Psychedelics like psilocybin and ayahuasca showed promise in reducing alcohol and tobacco dependence, with psilocybin being particularly effective in decreasing cravings and promoting long-term abstinence. The studies revealed significant improvements in substance use reduction, especially when combined with psychotherapy. However, the variability in dosages and study design calls for more standardized approaches. These findings emphasize the potential of psychedelics in SUD treatment, though further large-scale research is needed to validate these results and develop consistent protocols. : This research reviewed the past decade's international experience, emphasizing the growing potential of psychedelic therapy in treating SUDs pertaining to alcohol, tobacco, and cocaine dependence. Psychedelics such as psilocybin and ketamine can reduce cravings and promote psychological well-being, especially when combined with psychotherapy. However, regulatory barriers and specialized clinical training are necessary to integrate these therapies into mainstream addiction treatment safely. Psychedelics offer a promising alternative for those unresponsive to conventional methods.
物质使用障碍(SUDs)在全球影响着数百万人。尽管药物使用呈上升趋势,但治疗选择仍然有限。迷幻辅助疗法(PAT)将迷幻物质与心理治疗相结合,通过解决潜在的神经机制提供了一种有前景的替代方法。
本综述的目的是研究目前对迷幻疗法治疗SUDs的理解,包括烟草、酒精和药物成瘾。系统综述方法聚焦于2013年至2023年进行的临床试验和随机对照试验。按照PRISMA指南,使用PubMed、谷歌学术和共识人工智能进行检索。纳入了涉及使用麦角酸二乙酰胺(LSD)、裸盖菇素、伊博格碱和死藤水等迷幻剂治疗各种成瘾的研究,排除了自然主义研究和综述。
我们的结果突出了16项研究迷幻疗法治疗SUDs的临床试验的关键发现。裸盖菇素和死藤水等迷幻剂在减少酒精和烟草依赖方面显示出前景,裸盖菇素在减少渴望和促进长期戒断方面特别有效。研究显示在减少物质使用方面有显著改善,尤其是与心理治疗相结合时。然而,剂量和研究设计的变异性需要更标准化的方法。这些发现强调了迷幻剂在SUD治疗中的潜力,不过需要进一步的大规模研究来验证这些结果并制定一致的方案。
本研究回顾了过去十年的国际经验,强调了迷幻疗法在治疗与酒精、烟草和可卡因依赖相关的SUDs方面日益增长的潜力。裸盖菇素和氯胺酮等迷幻剂可以减少渴望并促进心理健康,尤其是与心理治疗相结合时。然而,要将这些疗法安全地纳入主流成瘾治疗,监管障碍和专业临床培训是必要的。对于那些对传统方法无反应的人来说,迷幻剂提供了一种有前景的替代方法。