呼气醛类生物标志物检测与疾病诊断的技术方法：综述

Technical approaches for breath aldehyde biomarker detection and disease diagnosis: A review.

作者信息

Kafili-Hajlari Taha, Naseri Abdolhossein, Ansarin Atefeh, Rasoulzadeh Farzaneh

机构信息

Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Tabriz, Tabri, Iran.

Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Tabriz, Tabri, Iran; Research Center of New Material and Green Chemistry, Khazar University, 41 Mehseti Street Baku, AZ1096, Azerbaijan.

出版信息

Anal Biochem. 2025 Jul;702:115841. doi: 10.1016/j.ab.2025.115841. Epub 2025 Mar 19.

DOI:10.1016/j.ab.2025.115841

PMID:40113023

Abstract

Exhaled breath analysis holds promise as a non-invasive approach for disease diagnosis. Aldehydes represent a class of volatile organic compounds with diagnostic potential as breath biomarkers for cancers and other conditions. However, aldehydes exist at low concentrations in breath and have stability challenges. This review summarizes recent studies on breath aldehyde analysis, focusing on sample collection methodology, analytical techniques implemented, and key findings regarding aldehyde alterations in disease. Breath collection methods examined include commercial bags, end-tidal sampling devices, condensates, and direct analysis. Analytical techniques evaluated gas chromatography, mass spectrometry, and microextraction approaches. Emerging microextraction and sensing technologies are advancing real-time, non-invasive aldehyde detection. Overall, breath aldehyde biomarkers offer immense potential for diagnosis and screening, but continued research is needed to address current limitations. This review provides insights to guide future efforts focused on exhaled aldehyde analysis and disease detection.

摘要

呼气分析有望成为一种用于疾病诊断的非侵入性方法。醛类是一类具有挥发性的有机化合物，有潜力作为癌症和其他疾病的呼吸生物标志物用于诊断。然而，醛类在呼出气体中的浓度较低，且存在稳定性方面的挑战。本综述总结了近期关于呼气醛类分析的研究，重点关注样本采集方法、所采用的分析技术以及疾病中醛类变化的关键发现。所研究的呼气采集方法包括商用袋子、潮气末采样装置、冷凝物和直接分析。所评估的分析技术有气相色谱法、质谱分析法和微萃取方法。新兴的微萃取和传感技术正在推动实时、非侵入性醛类检测的发展。总体而言，呼气醛类生物标志物在诊断和筛查方面具有巨大潜力，但仍需持续研究以解决当前的局限性。本综述提供了相关见解，以指导未来聚焦于呼出醛类分析和疾病检测的工作。