Abdellaoui Abdel, Martin Hilary C, Kolk Martin, Rutherford Adam, Muthukrishna Michael, Tropf Felix C, Mills Melinda C, Zietsch Brendan P, Verweij Karin J H, Visscher Peter M
Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
Human Genetics Programme, Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, UK.
Nat Hum Behav. 2025 Mar 26. doi: 10.1038/s41562-025-02150-4.
In civilizations, individuals are born into or sorted into different levels of socio-economic status (SES). SES clusters in families and geographically, and is robustly associated with genetic effects. Here we first review the history of scientific research on the relationship between SES and heredity. We then discuss recent findings in genomics research in light of the hypothesis that SES is a dynamic social construct that involves genetically influenced traits that help in achieving or retaining a socio-economic position, and can affect the distribution of genes associated with such traits. Social stratification results in people with differing traits being sorted into strata with different environmental exposures, which can result in evolutionary selection pressures through differences in mortality, reproduction and non-random mating. Genomics research is revealing previously concealed genetic consequences of the way society is organized, yielding insights that should be approached with caution in pursuit of a fair and functional society.
在各种文明中，个体出生时就处于或被划分到不同社会经济地位（SES）层次。SES在家庭中以及地理上呈现聚集状态，并且与遗传效应密切相关。在此，我们首先回顾关于SES与遗传关系的科学研究历史。接着，鉴于SES是一种动态社会结构这一假设，我们讨论基因组学研究的最新发现，该假设认为SES涉及有助于获得或保持社会经济地位且能影响与此类特征相关基因分布的受遗传影响的性状。社会分层导致具有不同特征的人被划分到具有不同环境暴露的阶层，这可能通过死亡率、繁殖率和非随机交配的差异产生进化选择压力。基因组学研究正在揭示社会结构方式以前被隐藏的遗传后果，在追求公平且运转良好的社会时，对这些见解应谨慎对待。
