Yang Chunyun, A Xinxiang, Tang Cuifeng, Dong Chao, Zhang Feifei, He Chunmei, Sun Yiding, Yang Yi, Yan Sandan, Liu Yanhong, Yang Yayun, Dai Luyuan
Institute of Biotechnology and Germplasm Resources, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biotechnology, Key Laboratory of Southwestern Crop Gene Resources and Germplasm Innovation, Scientific Observation Station for Rice Germplasm Resources of Yunnan, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Kunming 650205, China.
Xishuangbanna Agricultural Science Research Institute, Jinghong 666100, China.
Genes (Basel). 2025 Feb 20;16(3):240. doi: 10.3390/genes16030240.
Rice bacterial leaf blight, caused by the Gram-negative bacterium pv. (), significantly impacts rice production. To address this disease, research efforts have focused on discovering and utilizing novel disease-resistant genes and examining their functional mechanisms.
In this study, a variety of bacterial strains were utilized. CX28-3, AX-11, JC12-2, and X10 were isolated from the high-altitude japonica rice-growing region on the Yunnan Plateau. Additionally, PXO61, PXO86, PXO99, and PXO339, sourced from the International Rice Research Institute (IRRI), were included in the analysis. To evaluate the resistance characteristics of Haonuoyang, artificial leaf cutting and inoculation methods were applied. Results indicated that Haonuoyang exhibited broad-spectrum resistance. Additionally, to explore the genetic mechanisms of resistance, the TFAIII-type transcription factor was cloned from Haonuoyang using PCR amplification. The subcellular localization method identified the precise location of the gene within the cell. The expression of was induced by stress. The overexpression of resulted in increased activities of enzymes, including SOD, CAT, and POD, while silencing the gene led to reduced enzyme activities. Furthermore, the hormones SA (salicylic acid), JA (jasmonic acid), and GA (gibberellin) were shown to positively regulate the gene expression. Protein interactions with were verified through a yeast two-hybrid system and BiFC technology. Hap5, which aligned with the sequence of Haonuoyang, was found to belong to a haplotype consisting of Jingang 30, 40 resequenced rice varieties, 18 , and 29 .
The findings of this study emphasize the vital role of in rice resistance to bacterial leaf blight. The identification of broad-spectrum resistance in Haonuoyang and the understanding of gene functions provide valuable insights for the future development of rice varieties with improved resistance to this destructive disease.
由革兰氏阴性菌稻瘟病菌（Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae）引起的水稻白叶枯病对水稻生产有重大影响。为应对这种病害，研究工作集中在发现和利用新的抗病基因并研究其功能机制。
在本研究中，使用了多种细菌菌株。CX28 - 3、AX - 11、JC12 - 2和X10是从云南高原高海拔粳稻种植区分离得到的。此外，分析中还包括了来自国际水稻研究所（IRRI）的PXO61、PXO86、PXO99和PXO339。为评估毫诺阳的抗性特征，采用了人工剪叶接种方法。结果表明毫诺阳表现出广谱抗性。此外，为探究抗性的遗传机制，通过PCR扩增从毫诺阳中克隆了TFAIII型转录因子。亚细胞定位方法确定了该基因在细胞内的精确位置。该基因的表达受胁迫诱导。该基因的过表达导致超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、过氧化氢酶（CAT）和过氧化物酶（POD）等酶活性增加，而该基因沉默则导致酶活性降低。此外，激素水杨酸（SA）、茉莉酸（JA）和赤霉素（GA）被证明对该基因表达有正向调控作用。通过酵母双杂交系统和双分子荧光互补（BiFC）技术验证了与该基因的蛋白质相互作用。与毫诺阳序列比对的Hap5被发现属于一个单倍型，该单倍型由金刚30、40个重测序水稻品种、18个粳稻和29个籼稻组成。
本研究结果强调了该基因在水稻抗白叶枯病中的关键作用。毫诺阳广谱抗性的鉴定以及对该基因功能的了解为未来培育对白叶枯病抗性更强的水稻品种提供了有价值的见解。
