Geng Yucong, Raza Qurat-Ul-Ain, Bashir Muhammad Amjad, Xie Shufu, Song Xuemei, Yan Mingyue, Jia Guodong, Liu Ruotong, Ran Wangfang, Long Yupei, Zhou Mengyuan, Rehim Abdur, Liang Xinjian
Center for Southeast Asian Economic and Culture Studies, Chengdu Normal University, Chengdu, China.
Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory of Philosophy and Social Sciences for Monitoring and Evaluation of Rural Land Utilization, Chengdu Normal University, Chengdu, China.
Front Plant Sci. 2025 Mar 21;16:1543314. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2025.1543314. eCollection 2025.
Analyzing the spatial and temporal patterns in rice production and trade in the southwestern region of China and the main rice-producing countries of Southeast Asia provides a reference for trade development and food security. The study aims to analyze the production costs and rice import and export volumes between Southwest China and the main rice-producing countries in Southeast Asia. For the current study, rice sown area, yield, production, and import/export data were collected for 1978-2021 based on the FAO statistical database. Comparative analyses of the planted area, unit area production, total production, import and export, market share, trade potential, and trade competency of rice in China's southwestern region and the major rice-producing countries in Southeast Asia were performed. The study revealed that rice cultivated area and total production in the major rice-producing countries of Southeast Asia generally increased from 1978 to 2021, with Indonesia, Vietnam, and Thailand being among the top three major rice-producing countries in Southeast Asia since 1978. Cambodia's area under rice cultivation has increased significantly, with its total rice production reaching from 1 million tonnes in 1978 to 11.41 million tonnes in 2021. The import of rice in the southwestern region of China is increasing, and the volume of rice trade in 1978 was nearly 12 times higher than that in 2021. In addition, Thailand and Vietnam are the major rice exporting countries, accounting for 53.49% and 35.10% of the rice export volume, and they can be used as potential countries for future rice trade with the southwestern region of China. In conclusion, increasing agricultural inputs to ensure regional food security, deepening rice industry chain reform, expanding the rice trade market in Southeast Asia, and establishing a high-standard free trade zone to smooth regional trade in rice can strengthen trade exchanges and foster new trade growth.
分析中国西南地区与东南亚主要稻米生产国的稻米生产和贸易的时空格局，为贸易发展和粮食安全提供参考。本研究旨在分析中国西南地区与东南亚主要稻米生产国之间的生产成本以及稻米进出口量。在当前研究中，基于联合国粮食及农业组织（FAO）统计数据库收集了1978 - 2021年的稻米播种面积、产量、产量以及进出口数据。对中国西南地区和东南亚主要稻米生产国的稻米种植面积、单位面积产量、总产量、进出口、市场份额、贸易潜力和贸易竞争力进行了比较分析。研究表明，1978年至2021年期间东南亚主要稻米生产国的稻米种植面积和总产量总体呈上升趋势，自1978年以来，印度尼西亚、越南和泰国一直是东南亚三大主要稻米生产国之一。柬埔寨的稻米种植面积显著增加，其稻米总产量从1978年的100万吨增至2021年的1141万吨。中国西南地区的稻米进口量在增加，1978年的稻米贸易量比2021年高出近12倍。此外，泰国和越南是主要稻米出口国，分别占稻米出口量的53.49%和35.10%，它们可作为未来与中国西南地区开展稻米贸易的潜在国家。总之，增加农业投入以确保区域粮食安全、深化稻米产业链改革、扩大东南亚稻米贸易市场以及建立高标准自由贸易区以促进区域稻米贸易畅通，可加强贸易交流并培育新的贸易增长点。
