Zhou Yan, Wang Rongzhong, Zeng Mingtang, Liu Sijia
Department of Pharmacy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
Front Pharmacol. 2025 Mar 21;16:1551219. doi: 10.3389/fphar.2025.1551219. eCollection 2025.
Bladder cancer is a malignant tumor with a high global incidence and recurrence rate. Traditional diagnostic methods, such as cystoscopy and urine cytology, have limitations in sensitivity and specificity, particularly in detecting low-grade bladder cancer. Circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) offers a non-invasive alternative, reflecting tumor genetic characteristics through blood samples. It demonstrates high sensitivity and repeatability, making it a promising tool for early detection, recurrence monitoring, and treatment evaluation. Clinical studies have shown that ctDNA not only detects tumor burden but also captures dynamic tumor mutations, aiding in personalized treatment strategies. Despite its potential, clinical implementation of ctDNA faces challenges, including optimization of detection techniques, standardization, and the cost of testing. This paper explores the role of ctDNA in advancing bladder cancer diagnosis and treatment, with a focus on refining its clinical application and guiding future research toward improved patient outcomes.
膀胱癌是一种在全球发病率和复发率都很高的恶性肿瘤。传统的诊断方法，如膀胱镜检查和尿液细胞学检查，在敏感性和特异性方面存在局限性，尤其是在检测低级别膀胱癌时。循环肿瘤DNA（ctDNA）提供了一种非侵入性的替代方法，通过血液样本反映肿瘤的遗传特征。它具有高敏感性和可重复性，使其成为早期检测、复发监测和治疗评估的有前景的工具。临床研究表明，ctDNA不仅能检测肿瘤负荷，还能捕捉动态的肿瘤突变，有助于制定个性化的治疗策略。尽管具有潜力，但ctDNA的临床应用面临挑战，包括检测技术的优化、标准化以及检测成本。本文探讨了ctDNA在推进膀胱癌诊断和治疗方面的作用，重点是完善其临床应用，并指导未来的研究以改善患者预后。
