Breaking the Habit: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Pregnancy-Related Smoking Cessation Randomized Controlled Trials.

Smoking during pregnancy is a significant issue because of its impact on maternal and fetal health. This study aimed to ascertain the effects of smoking cessation programs on the smoking abstinence rate and pregnancy outcomes. A meta-analysis of twenty-one RCTs was carried out in accordance with PRISMA standards. The meta-analysis comprised 8149 pregnant smokers. With RevMan (version 5.4), the pooled effect of RR for different smoking cessation interventions was determined. Using the GRADE approach, the certainty was evaluated. I statistics and sensitivity analysis were utilized to measure heterogeneity. Egger's test and funnel plot analysis were used to assess publication bias. The pregnant women who received cognitive-behavioral counseling and financial incentives recognized a significant rise in their smoking abstinence rate (RR: 1.14, 95% CI: 1.02-1.28, = 0.03 and RR: 2.37, 95% CI: 1.92-2.93, < 0.001), but there was no significant difference observed among other behavioral approaches or pharmaceutical therapy. Fetuses born to women in the intervention group had significantly larger birth weights (MD = 94.73, 95% CI = (41.18-58.27), < 0.001. Pregnant women respond well to cognitive-behavioral counseling and financial incentives for quitting smoking, which improve pregnancy outcomes like birth weight.