Bethke Sandra, Meyer Antje S, Hintz Florian
Max Planck Institute for Psycholinguistics, Nijmegen, Netherlands.
Radboud University, Nijmegen, Netherlands.
PLoS One. 2025 Apr 28;20(4):e0318115. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0318115. eCollection 2025.
Humans acquire word knowledge through producing and comprehending spoken and written language. Word learning continues into adulthood and knowledge accumulates across the lifespan. Therefore, receptive vocabulary size is often conceived of as a proxy for linguistic experience and plays a central role in assessing individuals' language proficiency. There is currently no valid open access test available for assessing receptive vocabulary size in German-speaking adults. We addressed this gap and developed the German Auditory and Image Vocabulary Test (GAudI). In the GAudI, participants are presented with spoken test words and have to indicate their meanings by selecting the corresponding picture from a set of four alternatives. Here we describe the development of the test and provide evidence for its validity. Specifically, we report a study in which 168 German-speaking participants completed the GAudI and five other tests tapping into linguistic experience: one test measuring print exposure, two tests measuring productive vocabulary, one test assessing knowledge of book language grammar, and a test of receptive vocabulary that was normed in adolescents. The psychometric properties of the GAudI and its relationships to the other tests demonstrate that it is a suitable tool for measuring receptive vocabulary size. We offer an open-access digital test environment that can be used for research purposes, accessible via https://ems13.mpi.nl/bq4_customizable_de/researchers_welcome.php.
人类通过生成和理解口语及书面语言来获取词汇知识。词汇学习会持续到成年，知识在整个生命周期中不断积累。因此，接受性词汇量常被视为语言经验的一个指标，在评估个体的语言能力方面起着核心作用。目前尚无有效的开放获取测试可用于评估德语成年人群体的接受性词汇量。我们填补了这一空白，开发了德语听觉与图像词汇测试（GAudI）。在GAudI测试中，向参与者呈现口语测试单词，他们必须从一组四个选项中选择相应的图片来表明单词的含义。在此，我们描述该测试的开发过程并提供其有效性的证据。具体而言，我们报告了一项研究，168名德语使用者完成了GAudI测试以及其他五项涉及语言经验的测试：一项测量印刷品接触量的测试、两项测量产出性词汇量的测试、一项评估书面语言语法知识的测试，以及一项针对青少年进行了标准化的接受性词汇测试。GAudI的心理测量特性及其与其他测试的关系表明，它是测量接受性词汇量的合适工具。我们提供了一个可用于研究目的的开放获取数字测试环境，可通过https://ems13.mpi.nl/bq4_customizable_de/researchers_welcome.php访问。
