[Efforts to develop therapeutic agents for bacterial infections to fight against AMR (antimicrobial resistance)].

The global spread of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a threat to the international community, but few new antimicrobials are in the development stage and there are few options to treat AMR infections. In light of this situation, AMR has been continuously featured on the G7 agenda since 2015, and the 2023 G7 Hiroshima Leaders' Communiqué also states that in recognition of the global and rapid spread of AMR, push and pull incentives will be explored and implemented. In addition, the World Health Assembly adopted the Global Action Plan on AMR in 2015, and Japan developed its first AMR action plan in 2016. An updated version has been released in 2023. It is hoped that the attractiveness of the antibiotic market will be improved, and the new antibiotic development will be revitalized by further expansion and enhancement of the pull incentive systems. Cefiderocol, a novel siderophore cephalosporin, demonstrates potent antibacterial activity against carbapenem-resistant Gram-negative bacteria, which are considered to be particularly high-priority pathogens by the World Health Organization (WHO) and other organizations. A partnership between the SHIONOGI, the Global Antibiotic Research and Development Partnership (GARDP) and the Clinton Health Access Initiative (CHAI) formed to improve access to cefiderocol in countries around the world, including low- and middle-income countries. In order to bring these efforts to fruition in the fight against AMR, it is important to have further understanding and cooperation from people around the world, regardless of country or field.