Exploring the pork production chain in urban Ghana: insights from focus group discussions.

INTRODUCTION

In urban areas of Ghana, key aspects of the pork production chain, such as pig handling, slaughter practices, and transportation, are critical yet often overlooked aspects of public health and food safety. Despite their significance, only a limited number of studies exist on the dynamics and implications of these practices. This study aims to address knowledge gaps regarding pig-keeping and slaughter practices in Ghana, specifically addressing pig-keeping, handling, slaughter practices, and transportation along the pork production chain.

METHODS

This phenomenological qualitative research paradigm utilised eight (8) focus group discussions (FGDs) with pig handlers and slaughterhouse workers in Accra and the Upper East Region of Ghana. Five (5) FGDs were conducted with pig-keepers, and three (3) FGDs were conducted with slaughterhouse workers. Three (3) participatory observations were conducted, probing study participants' views and the information they provided against their actual behaviour. This was to ascertain pig-keeping practices, the slaughter process, means of transport to vending sites, and hygiene and sanitation issues. Four (4) key informant interviews were conducted-two with veterinary officers and two with environmental health officers-to gain insights into their respective supervisory roles.

RESULTS

The study results indicated that most of the pigs were housed in makeshift structures, and free-ranging was widespread to reduce the cost of feeding. It was observed that the activities of pig farmers and slaughterhouses need to be adequately supervised, leading to widespread poor practices. Little knowledge of zoonotic diseases was present among actors in the pork production chain in Ghana.

CONCLUSIONS

This study underscores the importance of addressing pig handling and slaughter practices as integral components of urban food systems in Ghana. By engaging stakeholders and raising awareness, policymakers can foster sustainable solutions to enhance food safety, protect public health, and promote animal welfare in urban Ghana.