Stolarczyk Alexander, Włodarczyk Nazar, Zielinska Nicol, Ruzik Kacper, Triantafyllou George, Piagkou Maria, Olewnik Łukasz
Department of Anatomical Dissection and Donation, Medical University of Lodz, 90647 Lodz, Poland.
Department of Clinical Anatomy, Mazovian Academy in Plock, 90402 Płock, Poland.
Biomedicines. 2025 Apr 22;13(5):1013. doi: 10.3390/biomedicines13051013.
The azygos vein is a vessel that drains deoxygenated blood from the posterior wall of the thorax and upper abdomen into the superior vena cava. It can vary morphologically in both adults and fetuses in origin, termination, diameter, course, and tributaries, especially the hemiazygos vein and accessory hemiazygos vein, which, together with the azygos vein, form the azygos venous system. The main aim of this review is to summarize the current state of knowledge regarding the azygos vein. Another aim is to present the morphological variations of the azygos vein and their clinical significance. This information may be useful to clinicians, especially surgeons. This review also provides an overview of the embryological development of the azygos venous system and the consequences of its developmental errors, as well as their relationship to certain clinical cases and pathologies.
奇静脉是一条将来自胸后壁和上腹部的脱氧血液引流至上腔静脉的血管。在成人和胎儿中，奇静脉在起源、终止、直径、走行和属支方面的形态可能有所不同，尤其是半奇静脉和副半奇静脉，它们与奇静脉一起构成奇静脉系统。本综述的主要目的是总结关于奇静脉的当前知识状态。另一个目的是介绍奇静脉的形态变异及其临床意义。这些信息可能对临床医生，尤其是外科医生有用。本综述还概述了奇静脉系统的胚胎发育及其发育异常的后果，以及它们与某些临床病例和病理的关系。
Zotero 插件
