Yin Qikai, Li Bin, Wang Ruichen, Nie Kai, Fu Shihong, Xu Songtao, Li Fan, Cui Qianqian, Liu Dan, Wang Huanyu, Liang Guodong
National Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Diseases, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China.
Taishan District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Taian 271000, China.
Viruses. 2025 Jun 4;17(6):815. doi: 10.3390/v17060815.
Japanese encephalitis (JE), a mosquito-borne viral disease caused by the Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV), remains a significant public health threat in Asia. Although vaccination programs have successfully reduced the incidence of JE, challenges persist in the adult population, and the emergence of rare JEV genotypes poses additional risks. In this study, a phylogenetic analysis of the whole JEV genome sequence, along with a temporal-spatial analysis of isolates and a host-vector analysis, was used to examine the changes in JEV transmission dynamics before and after 2012. The results revealed persistent differences between the dominant G1 and G3 genotypes, as well as the re-emergence of G4 and G5 genotypes. Although JEV has been detected in non-traditional vectors and atypical mammalian hosts, and pigs remain the primary vector and amplifying host, respectively. These findings underscore the need to enhance existing JEV genotype surveillance while addressing emerging threats from genotype diversity, host expansion, and geographic spread.
日本脑炎（JE）是一种由日本脑炎病毒（JEV）引起的蚊媒病毒性疾病，在亚洲仍然是一个重大的公共卫生威胁。尽管疫苗接种计划已成功降低了日本脑炎的发病率，但成人人群中仍存在挑战，而且罕见的JEV基因型的出现带来了额外风险。在本研究中，对整个JEV基因组序列进行了系统发育分析，并对分离株进行了时空分析以及宿主-媒介分析，以研究2012年前后JEV传播动态的变化。结果显示，主要的G1和G3基因型之间存在持续差异，以及G4和G5基因型的再次出现。尽管在非传统媒介和非典型哺乳动物宿主中检测到了JEV，但猪仍然分别是主要媒介和扩增宿主。这些发现强调了加强现有JEV基因型监测的必要性，同时应对来自基因型多样性、宿主扩展和地理传播的新出现威胁。
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