Cooper Hannah Lf, Hall Kelli, Escoffery Cam, Livingston Melvin Doug, Sales Jessica, Mullaney Anna, Rice Whitney, Ibragimov Umed, Kegler Michelle, Sterk Claire, Ford Chandra, Bowleg Lisa
Emory University Rollins School of Public Health, United States.
Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, United States.
Soc Sci Med. 2025 Jun 27;382:118344. doi: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2025.118344.
Dissemination and implementation (D&I) science is ascendant within public health in the United States, but D&I scientists have long voiced concern at their field's capacity to fulfill two essential and intertwined public health responsibilities: analyzing and intervening in macrosocial determinants and achieving health equity. To help break this impasse, we explore D&I's theoretical roots by critically reviewing three historical eras, eras that D&I's origin story has identified as foundational to D&I's development: 1890-1903: Tarde's Laws of Imitation. 1920-1960: Rural Sociology. 1960-1980: Knowledge Utilization Research. Our racism-conscious disciplinary self-critique reveals that, as elsewhere in public health, D&I became ascendant in part by developing an "epistemology of ignorance" that has acted in service to racial capitalism - that is, D&I has developed a structured way of (not) knowing that systematically suppresses evidence about racial capitalism and its consequences. Each of D&I's foundational eras was characterized by marked transitions in racial capitalism, in which macrosocial phenomena produced novel forms of marginalization that in turn engendered mass resistance (e.g., industrialization and imperialism; farming crises). In response, D&I's forebears crafted explanatory frameworks (e.g., Diffusion of Innovation) that obscured these transformational macrosocial phenomena, reinforced the marginalizations that they produced, and diverted attention toward atomistic individual-level phenomena. These frameworks have helped foster an epistemology of ignorance within D&I about macrosocial phenomena, marginalization, and health inequities that persists to this day. We propose that D&I has an opportunity to forge another era now in which it partners with critical social scientists, practitioners, activists, and people with lived experience to bring macrosocial phenomena, marginalization, and health inequities more firmly into its orbit. We close with principles to guide the development of this era that are rooted in learnings from D&I's history and Public Health Critical Race Praxis.
传播与实施(D&I)科学在美国公共卫生领域正日益兴起,但D&I科学家长期以来一直对其所在领域履行两项基本且相互交织的公共卫生责任的能力表示担忧:分析宏观社会决定因素并进行干预,以及实现健康公平。为了帮助打破这一僵局,我们通过批判性地回顾三个历史时期来探索D&I的理论根源,D&I的起源故事将这三个时期视为D&I发展的基础:1890 - 1903年:塔尔德的模仿律。1920 - 1960年:农村社会学。1960 - 1980年:知识利用研究。我们基于种族主义意识的学科自我批判表明,与公共卫生领域的其他地方一样,D&I的兴起部分是通过发展一种“无知认识论”来服务于种族资本主义的——也就是说,D&I形成了一种结构化的(不)认知方式,系统性地压制了有关种族资本主义及其后果的证据。D&I的每个基础时期都以种族资本主义的显著转变为特征,在这些转变中,宏观社会现象产生了新的边缘化形式,进而引发了大规模抵抗(例如工业化和帝国主义;农业危机)。作为回应,D&I的先驱们构建了解释框架(例如创新扩散),这些框架掩盖了这些变革性的宏观社会现象,强化了它们所产生的边缘化,并将注意力转移到原子化的个体层面现象上。这些框架有助于在D&I内部培育一种关于宏观社会现象、边缘化和健康不平等的无知认识论,这种认识论一直持续到今天。我们认为,D&I现在有机会开创另一个时代,在这个时代,它与批判性社会科学家、从业者、活动家以及有实际生活经验的人合作,将宏观社会现象、边缘化和健康不平等更坚定地纳入其轨道。我们以源于D&I历史和公共卫生批判种族实践的原则作为结尾,以指导这个时代的发展。