Tkachenko Anton, Alfhili Mohammad A, Alsughayyir Jawaher, Attanzio Alessandro, Al Mamun Bhuyan Abdulla, Bukowska Bożena, Cilla Antonio, Quintanar-Escorza Martha A, Föller Michael, Havranek Ondrej, Jilani Kashif, Onishchenko Anatolii, Pretorius Etheresia, Prokopiuk Volodymyr, Restivo Ignazio, Tesoriere Luisa, Virzì Grazia Maria, Wieder Thomas
Department of Cryobiochemistry, Institute for Problems of Cryobiology and Cryomedicine of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kharkiv, Ukraine.
BIOCEV, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Vestec, Czech Republic.
Cell Death Dis. 2025 Jul 1;16(1):467. doi: 10.1038/s41419-025-07784-w.
Early studies have shown that erythrocytes have caspase-3 and caspase-8 and are capable of dying through an apoptotic-like cell death triggered by Ca ionophores. This cell death is associated with apoptosis-like morphological signs, including cell shrinkage, membrane blebbing, and phosphatidylserine externalization. To emphasize that mature erythrocytes don't have the apoptotic mitochondrial machinery and distinguish this unique cell death modality from apoptosis, it was named "eryptosis". Over recent decades, our knowledge of eryptosis has been significantly expanded, providing more insights into the uniqueness of cell death pathways in erythrocytes. In this review, we aim to summarize our current understanding of eryptosis, formulate the nomenclature and guidelines to interpret results of eryptosis studies, provide a synopsis of morphological and biochemical features of eryptosis, and highlight the role of eryptosis in health and disease, including its druggability.
早期研究表明，红细胞具有半胱天冬酶-3和半胱天冬酶-8，并且能够通过钙离子载体触发的类似凋亡的细胞死亡而死亡。这种细胞死亡与类似凋亡的形态学特征相关，包括细胞收缩、膜泡化和磷脂酰丝氨酸外翻。为了强调成熟红细胞不具备凋亡的线粒体机制，并将这种独特的细胞死亡方式与凋亡区分开来，它被命名为“eryptosis”。在最近几十年里，我们对eryptosis的认识有了显著扩展，这为深入了解红细胞中细胞死亡途径的独特性提供了更多见解。在这篇综述中，我们旨在总结目前对eryptosis的理解，制定eryptosis研究结果解释的命名法和指南，概述eryptosis的形态学和生化特征，并强调eryptosis在健康和疾病中的作用，包括其药物可及性。
