Almalki Riyadh S, Gazzaz Malaz, Miski Samar F, Fayed Hany M, Mohamed Bassim M S A, Hessin Alyaa Farouk, Afifi Sherif M, Esatbeyoglu Tuba, Korany Reda M S, Elbaset Marawan A
Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Umm AL-Qura University, Makkah, P.O Box.13578, Postal code 21955, Saudi Arabia.
Pharmaceutical Practices Department, College of Pharmacy, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia.
Eur J Pharm Sci. 2025 Sep 1;212:107192. doi: 10.1016/j.ejps.2025.107192. Epub 2025 Jul 7.
There are currently few effective treatments for hepatic fibrogenesis, a prominent pathogenic characteristic of chronic liver disorders. Although dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP4) inhibitors are commonly used as antidiabetic medications, which lower blood sugar levels through comparable mechanisms, each gliptin has been found to have extra protective properties. This study examined the preventive effects of the DPP4 inhibitor gemigliptin (GEM) against liver fibrosis caused by thioacetamide (TAA) and identified the underlying molecular processes. Indexes associated with hepatic fibrosis, such as biochemical parameters, histological alterations, inflammation biomarkers levels and mRNA expressions, and modifications in the expression of associated proteins in liver tissue, were evaluated. The findings demonstrated that gemigliptin therapy successfully reduced the fibrosis and liver damage brought on by TAA. Mechanistically, gemigliptin therapy reduced inflammation and oxidation stress brought on by TAA by blocking the "PI3K/AKT/mTOR and TLR4/MAPK" signaling pathways and by activating the "SIRT1/AMPK/Nrf2" pathway. By controlling the "Bcl-2/Bax/Caspase-3" pathway, we also showed that gemigliptin prevented hepatocyte apoptosis. In summary, these results imply that gemigliptin inhibits the advancement of liver fibrosis via a variety of pathways and point to the possibility of its future application in liver fibrosis treatment.
肝纤维化是慢性肝脏疾病的一个显著致病特征,目前针对肝纤维化的有效治疗方法很少。尽管二肽基肽酶-4(DPP4)抑制剂通常用作抗糖尿病药物,通过类似机制降低血糖水平,但已发现每种格列汀都具有额外的保护特性。本研究检测了DPP4抑制剂吉格列汀(GEM)对硫代乙酰胺(TAA)所致肝纤维化的预防作用,并确定了潜在的分子机制。评估了与肝纤维化相关的指标,如生化参数、组织学改变、炎症生物标志物水平和mRNA表达,以及肝组织中相关蛋白表达的变化。结果表明,吉格列汀治疗成功减轻了TAA所致的纤维化和肝损伤。从机制上讲,吉格列汀治疗通过阻断“PI3K/AKT/mTOR和TLR4/MAPK”信号通路以及激活“SIRT1/AMPK/Nrf2”通路,减轻了TAA所致的炎症和氧化应激。我们还表明,吉格列汀通过控制“Bcl-2/Bax/Caspase-3”通路预防了肝细胞凋亡。总之,这些结果表明吉格列汀通过多种途径抑制肝纤维化的进展,并指出其未来在肝纤维化治疗中应用的可能性。