Chen Ouzile, Zhou Yumeng, Xu Zihan, Liu Xiaoheng, Zhang Demao, Bai Mingru
State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Department of Cariology and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China.
West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610064, China.
J Control Release. 2025 Sep 10;385:114025. doi: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2025.114025. Epub 2025 Jul 10.
Inflammatory skeletal diseases often result in significant pain and deformities of bone and the surrounding joint tissues, which subsequently cause disorders of immune regulation and calcium‑phosphorus metabolism, greatly impacting patients' quality of life. The precision of drug delivery in inflammatory skeletal diseases is usually limited. Traditional therapies for these conditions require high doses, offer limited efficacy, and frequently lead to side effects that compromise healthy tissues, particularly with prolonged use. Addressing these limitations, biomembrane-camouflaged nanoparticles present a precise and innovative therapeutic strategy with enhanced biocompatibility, targeted delivery to diseased tissues, pharmacokinetic properties, and immune evasion capabilities, improving therapeutic efficacy while reducing adverse effects on healthy tissues, thus adding a vital dimension to inflammatory skeletal disease treatment. By integrating multiple therapeutic functions within a single nanoplatform, these nanostructures introduce transformative strategies that enhance traditional treatment approaches. Here, we provide a comprehensive overview of the latest advancements in the biogenesis, preparation, and functional properties of nanoparticles camouflaged by biomembranes - cell membranes, - extracellular vesicles (EVs), and - liposomes and explore their potential when combined with nanotechnology. Further, we detail biomembrane-camouflaged nanoparticles for inflammatory skeletal disease treatment, examining their applications in osteoarthritis (OA), rheumatoid arthritis (RA), osteomyelitis, osteolysis, and periodontitis. It highlights key advances in immunogenicity reduction, targeted drug delivery, and immune modulation for the effective management of inflammatory skeletal diseases.
炎症性骨骼疾病常导致严重的疼痛以及骨骼和周围关节组织的畸形，进而引发免疫调节和钙磷代谢紊乱，极大地影响患者的生活质量。炎症性骨骼疾病中药物递送的精准度通常有限。针对这些病症的传统疗法需要高剂量，疗效有限，且频繁导致损害健康组织的副作用，尤其是长期使用时。为解决这些局限性，生物膜伪装的纳米颗粒呈现出一种精准且创新的治疗策略，具有增强的生物相容性、靶向递送至患病组织的能力、药代动力学特性以及免疫逃逸能力，可提高治疗效果，同时减少对健康组织的不良影响，从而为炎症性骨骼疾病的治疗增添了至关重要的维度。通过在单个纳米平台内整合多种治疗功能，这些纳米结构引入了变革性策略，增强了传统治疗方法。在此，我们全面概述了生物膜（细胞膜、细胞外囊泡和脂质体）伪装的纳米颗粒在生物发生、制备和功能特性方面的最新进展，并探讨它们与纳米技术结合时的潜力。此外，我们详细介绍了用于炎症性骨骼疾病治疗的生物膜伪装纳米颗粒，研究它们在骨关节炎（OA）、类风湿性关节炎（RA）、骨髓炎、骨质溶解和牙周炎中的应用。它突出了在降低免疫原性、靶向药物递送和免疫调节方面的关键进展，以有效管理炎症性骨骼疾病。
