Chen Shiqi, Wu Zhu, Zhang Jing, Lin Yuxin, Xie Jiaqi, Yin Dehui, Zhu Ye
Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, HaiKou, China.
College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hainan Medical University, HaiKou, China.
Front Pharmacol. 2025 Jul 9;16:1582258. doi: 10.3389/fphar.2025.1582258. eCollection 2025.
Liver fibrosis is a common pathological consequence of multiple chronic liver diseases, making its pharmacological management a key area of medical research. Diverse classes of therapeutic agents offer distinct advantages and limitations. Notably, combination therapy has emerged as a prominent focus of contemporary investigation due to its potential to enhance treatment outcomes.
As of 1 February 2025, a comprehensive literature search was conducted using PubMed and Web of Science, employing keywords related to liver fibrosis and its treatment. In accordance with ConPhyMP guidelines, one author assessed the quality of studies involving botanical drug metabolites.
This review synthesizes findings from 111 research articles, offering an overview of two primary classes of therapeutic agents and their integration with emerging technologies-namely mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes and nanoparticles. On one side, it discusses biomedicine-related therapies, including conventional biomedicine medicines, repurposed drugs, and investigational compounds. On the other, it addresses botanical-based treatments, encompassing traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) formulas and botanical drug metabolites. Both categories have shown promising therapeutic efficacy in clinical and preclinical settings.
This review provides a comprehensive and detailed overview of pharmacological strategies for the treatment of liver fibrosis, shows the application and research status of different types of medicines, and provides a comprehensive perspective for current research directions. It points out the limitations of existing research and suggests that the clinical research of various medicines and combination therapies should be strengthened in the future, and the liver fibrosis model should be optimized to promote clinical transformation, which provides an important reference for future research directions.
肝纤维化是多种慢性肝病常见的病理后果，其药物治疗是医学研究的关键领域。不同种类的治疗药物各有优势与局限。值得注意的是，联合治疗因其有望提高治疗效果，已成为当代研究的一个突出重点。
截至2025年2月1日，利用PubMed和Web of Science进行了全面的文献检索，使用了与肝纤维化及其治疗相关的关键词。根据ConPhyMP指南，一位作者评估了涉及植物药代谢物的研究质量。
本综述综合了111篇研究文章的结果，概述了两类主要治疗药物及其与新兴技术（即间充质干细胞衍生的外泌体和纳米颗粒）的整合。一方面，讨论了与生物医学相关的疗法，包括传统生物医学药物、 repurposed药物和研究性化合物。另一方面，探讨了基于植物的治疗方法，包括中药配方和植物药代谢物。这两类在临床和临床前环境中均显示出有前景的治疗效果。
本综述全面详细地概述了肝纤维化治疗的药理学策略，展示了不同类型药物的应用和研究现状，为当前研究方向提供了全面视角。指出了现有研究的局限性，并建议未来应加强各种药物和联合疗法的临床研究，优化肝纤维化模型以促进临床转化，为未来研究方向提供了重要参考。
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