尼日利亚东南部一家三级医疗机构中先天性心脏病患儿的言语障碍
Speech Disorders in Children with Congenital Heart Disease Attending a Tertiary Institution in South East Nigeria.
作者信息
Chinawa Awoere T, Onyia Jude T, Chime Paschal U, Agu Grace, Nwankwo Ogbonna O, Ogbuka Francis N, Ossai Edmund N, Adiele Daberechi K, Chinawa Josephat M
机构信息
Department of Community Medicine,/ Department of Paediatrics ESUCOM, Parklane, Enugu, Enugu State, Nigeria.
Department of Paediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Nigeria, Ituku/Ozalla, Enugu, Enugu State and University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital Ituku/Ozalla Enugu, Enugu, Enugu State, Nigeria.
出版信息
Niger Med J. 2025 Jun 16;66(2):735-745. doi: 10.71480/nmj.v66i2.757. eCollection 2025 Mar-Apr.
BACKGROUND
Speech problems are neurodevelopmental disorders rarely reported in children with congenital heart defects (CHD). This study aimed to elicit various speech disorders in children with CHD compared to controls.
METHODOLOGY
This cross-sectional study involved 50 children with CHD and 50 children without CHD (control group).
RESULTS
Children with heart defects had a higher mean score (1.02±0.16) for speech problems than the control (0.22±0.14), with a statistically significant p-value of <0.0001. Difficulty in understanding a child's speech was also more pronounced in children with heart defects (1.00±0.16) than in control (0.27±0.19), p=0.006. Understanding speech over the phone was significantly harder for children with heart defects (1.22±0.18) compared to control (1.93±1.83), p=0.003. The belief that a child might have a stutter was significantly higher in children with heart defects (0.65±0.14) versus (0.29±0.2), p=0.0001. Tourette's syndrome was reported more frequently in those with heart defects (1.14±0.18) than in those with heart defects (0.1±0.07; p=0.0001). Family history of speech or language disorder shows significant differences, with children with heart defects scoring 0.65±0.15 versus 0.01±0.001, p= 0.001. The prevalence of speech disorders was significantly higher in 36% of children with heart defects, which was significantly higher than 4% seen in controls. χ=14.18; p=0.0001, Regarding the age of the child, 36.8% of children under five years of age had a speech disorder compared to 33.3% of those aged five years and older. p= 0.825, OR= 1.1 (95% CI: 0.2 - 4.5).
CONCLUSION
Children with CHD presented with a higher prevalence of speech disorders compared with control. The prevalence of speech disorders among children with CHD was higher in children who were less than five years old. Furthermore, children with CHD had a significant family history of speech or language disorders than control.
背景
言语问题是先天性心脏病（CHD）患儿中很少被报道的神经发育障碍。本研究旨在探究与对照组相比，CHD患儿存在的各种言语障碍。
方法
这项横断面研究纳入了50名CHD患儿和50名无CHD患儿（对照组）。
结果
患有心脏缺陷的儿童言语问题的平均得分（1.02±0.16）高于对照组（0.22±0.14），p值<0.0001，具有统计学意义。心脏缺陷患儿理解儿童言语的困难程度（1.00±0.16）也比对照组（0.27±0.19）更明显，p = 0.006。与对照组（1.93±1.83）相比，心脏缺陷患儿通过电话理解言语明显更困难（1.22±0.18），p = 0.003。认为儿童可能口吃的观念在心脏缺陷患儿（0.65±0.14）中显著高于对照组（0.29±0.2），p = 0.0001。心脏缺陷患儿中抽动秽语综合征的报告频率（1.14±0.18）高于无心脏缺陷患儿（0.1±0.07；p = 0.0001）。言语或语言障碍的家族史存在显著差异，心脏缺陷患儿的得分是0.65±0.15，而对照组为0.01±0.001，p = 0.001。36%的心脏缺陷患儿言语障碍患病率显著高于对照组的4%。χ=14.18；p = 0.0001。关于儿童年龄，五岁以下儿童中有36.8%存在言语障碍，而五岁及以上儿童中这一比例为33.3%。p = 0.825，OR = 1.1（95%CI：0.2 - 4.5）。
结论
与对照组相比，CHD患儿言语障碍的患病率更高。CHD患儿中，五岁以下儿童言语障碍的患病率更高。此外，CHD患儿言语或语言障碍的家族史比对照组更显著。
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