Andrade-Lara Karina Elizabeth, Latorre Román Pedro Ángel, Atero Mata Eva, Cabrera-Linares José Carlos, Párraga Montilla Juan Antonio
Department of Musical, Plastic and Corporal Expression, University of Jaén, 23071 Jaén, Spain.
Healthcare (Basel). 2025 Jul 12;13(14):1682. doi: 10.3390/healthcare13141682.
The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between the components of physical fitness (PF), creativity and fluid intelligence, as well as to determine which components of PF are predictors of the analysed cognitive potential. A total of 584 Spanish schoolchildren (6-11 years old; age = 8.62 ± 1.77 years) took part in this study. Creativity was assessed using the Torrance Tests of Creative Thinking (TTCT) and fluid intelligence through TEA-1. Moreover, PF components were evaluated using a 25 m sprint, handgrip strength, standing long jump and 20 m SRT. Boys exhibited a better PF performance than girls ( range from = < 0.001 to 0.05), as well as higher creativity score ( < 0.001), the fluid intelligence score and QI score ( < 0.05, respectively). Moreover, PF components (CRF, strength and speed) were positively associated with creativity ( range from = < 0.001 to 0.001) and fluid intelligence ( range from = < 0.001 to 0.015). Regression analysis showed that the creativity model explained between 31.4% and 36.6% of the variance ( = 0.314-0.366, < 0.001), while the fluid intelligence model accounted for 25.5% to 33.1% of the variance ( = 0.255-0.331, < 0.001 to 0.001). A positive relationship was found between creativity, fluid intelligence, and PF components. Children with higher PF levels scored better in creativity, with notable differences between boys and girls. These findings highlight the educational value of incorporating structured physical activity into school settings to support both cognitive and physical development.
本研究的目的是确定身体素质（PF）各组成部分、创造力和流体智力之间的关系，并确定PF的哪些组成部分是所分析认知潜能的预测指标。共有584名西班牙学童（6 - 11岁；年龄 = 8.62 ± 1.77岁）参与了本研究。创造力通过托兰斯创造性思维测验（TTCT）进行评估，流体智力通过TEA - 1进行评估。此外，PF各组成部分通过25米短跑、握力、立定跳远和20米穿梭跑进行评估。男孩在PF表现上优于女孩（范围从 = < 0.001至0.05），以及在创造力得分（< 0.001）、流体智力得分和智商得分（分别为< 0.05）方面更高。此外，PF各组成部分（心肺功能、力量和速度）与创造力（范围从 = < 0.001至0.001）和流体智力（范围从 = < 0.001至0.015）呈正相关。回归分析表明，创造力模型解释了31.4%至36.6%的方差（ = 0.314 - 0.366，< 0.001），而流体智力模型占方差的25.5%至33.1%（ = 0.255 - 0.331，< 0.001至0.001）。在创造力、流体智力和PF各组成部分之间发现了正相关关系。PF水平较高的儿童在创造力方面得分更高，男孩和女孩之间存在显著差异。这些发现凸显了将结构化体育活动纳入学校环境以支持认知和身体发展的教育价值。
