Hassan Nourhan, Hussein Donia Mohamed, Malak Fady Ashraf, Abdelaziz Mazen Ashraf, Boushra Michael Ibrahim, Shaalan Walid, Elzayat Emad M
Biotechnology Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, 12613, Egypt.
Biotechnology/Biomolecular Chemistry Program, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, 12613, Egypt.
Stem Cell Rev Rep. 2025 Oct;21(7):2089-2102. doi: 10.1007/s12015-025-10944-2. Epub 2025 Aug 1.
Primary ovarian insufficiency (POI) represents the cessation of ovarian function before age 40 due to follicular depletion or dysfunction. Affecting 1% of women, POI causes infertility and systemic health complications. Current treatments focus on symptom management rather than restoring ovarian function. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) offer promising regenerative potential through paracrine activity, immunomodulation, and tissue repair mechanisms. MSCs from various sources have demonstrated the ability to improve ovarian function, increase follicular survival, and restore hormone production in preclinical models. MSC-derived extracellular vesicles are emerging as cell-free alternatives with similar therapeutic effects. This review examines MSC mechanisms in ovarian restoration, evaluates current evidence, and discusses challenges in clinical translation for POI treatment.
原发性卵巢功能不全（POI）是指由于卵泡耗竭或功能障碍导致40岁之前卵巢功能停止。POI影响1%的女性，会导致不孕和全身健康并发症。目前的治疗主要集中在症状管理而非恢复卵巢功能。间充质干细胞（MSC）通过旁分泌活性、免疫调节和组织修复机制展现出有前景的再生潜力。来自各种来源的MSC已在临床前模型中证明有改善卵巢功能、增加卵泡存活和恢复激素分泌的能力。MSC衍生的细胞外囊泡正作为具有类似治疗效果的无细胞替代物出现。本综述研究了MSC在卵巢恢复中的机制，评估了现有证据，并讨论了POI治疗临床转化中的挑战。
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