促进老年人积极老龄化：一项沟通与社交技能项目的成果

Fostering active aging in older adults: results of a communication and social skills program.

作者信息

Khajehpour Mohammad Hossein, Ayoubi-Mahani Shahla, Mohammad-Rezakhani Hilda, Farokhzadian Jamileh

机构信息

Reproductive and Family Health Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.

Student Research Committee, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.

出版信息

BMC Geriatr. 2025 Aug 14;25(1):626. doi: 10.1186/s12877-025-06333-6.

DOI:10.1186/s12877-025-06333-6

PMID:40814074

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12351963/

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Active aging empowers older adults to maintain physical, social, and psychological well-being as they age, enabling them to participate in social activities according to their preferences and capabilities. However, many older adults face communication and social skills challenges, necessitating interventions to minimize social communication barriers and promote active aging. Despite the importance of communication and social skills in active aging, further studies are essential to explore older adults' perspectives and develop strategies that support active aging and address potential barriers. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the effect of communication and social skills training on the active aging of older adults.

METHODS

This quasi-experimental trial with randomized allocation study involved 80 older adults from two daycare centers in southeastern Iran in 2024. Participants were randomly assigned to either a control or an intervention group. The intervention group received an eight-session communication and social skills training program, conducted twice a week for two hours in groups of 20. Both groups completed the Iranian Active Aging Measurement Instrument before and one month after the intervention.

RESULTS

The mean ages of participants in the intervention and control groups were 68.94 ± 7.27 and 67.13 ± 5.09 years, respectively. Training in communication and social skills led to a significant increase in the total score of active aging (98.18 ± 17.77) and its dimensions (mindfulness, active insight, physical-functional dynamics, interactionism, role-playing, and social participation) during the post-test stage compared to the pre-test (148.97 ± 13.19), (t = -25.87, p < 0.001) and the control group (1.101 ± 8.18), (t = 1.35, p = 0.18).

CONCLUSION

This study contributes valuable evidence supporting psychosocial interventions for active aging. To advance this field, further research should focus on the long-term impact, cultural adaptability, and multimodal strategies that comprehensively address physical, cognitive, and social domains.

摘要

背景

积极老龄化使老年人在衰老过程中能够保持身体、社交和心理健康，使他们能够根据自己的喜好和能力参与社会活动。然而，许多老年人面临沟通和社交技能方面的挑战，需要进行干预以尽量减少社会沟通障碍并促进积极老龄化。尽管沟通和社交技能在积极老龄化中很重要，但进一步的研究对于探索老年人的观点并制定支持积极老龄化和解决潜在障碍的策略至关重要。因此，本研究旨在调查沟通和社交技能培训对老年人积极老龄化的影响。

方法

这项随机分配的准实验性试验于2024年在伊朗东南部的两个日托中心对80名老年人进行。参与者被随机分配到对照组或干预组。干预组接受了为期八节的沟通和社交技能培训课程，每周进行两次，每次两小时，每组20人。两组在干预前和干预后一个月完成了伊朗积极老龄化测量工具。

结果

干预组和对照组参与者的平均年龄分别为68.94±7.27岁和67.13±5.09岁。与测试前（148.97±13.19）相比，沟通和社交技能培训导致测试后阶段积极老龄化的总分（98.18±17.77）及其维度（正念、积极洞察力、身体功能动态、互动主义、角色扮演和社会参与）显著增加，（t=-25.87，p<0.001），与对照组（1.101±8.18）相比，（t=1.35，p=0.18）。