黑腹果蝇自然种群中的基因变异与染色体变异
Genic versus chromosomal variation in natural populations of Drosophila subobscura.
作者信息
Zouros E
出版信息
Genetics. 1974 Dec;78(4):1223-44. doi: 10.1093/genetics/78.4.1223.
Abstract
Gametic frequencies in one mainland and one island population of D. subobscura were obtained by means of extracting wild chromosomes and subsequently analyzing them for inversions and allozymes. The high degree of cytological heterogeneity which characterizes these populations is not reflected in the genetic data. Two cases of non-random association were observed among eighteen pair-wise comparisons involving gene alleles and inversions to which the locus is linked. In both cases exchange of alleles at the locus is completely suppressed by the inversions. Four cases of linkage disequilibrium were detected among eighteen pairs of loci; two of them could best be explained as transient associations generated by random drift. The results suggest that disequilibria among enzyme loci are not widespread in natural populations-Populations with a lower degree of chromosomal variation are genetically as variable as populations with a higher degree of chromosomal variation. This observation does not support the hypothesis that selection in marginal homokaryotypic populations is for specialized homozygous genotypes.
摘要
通过提取野生染色体并随后对其进行倒位和等位酶分析，获得了暗果蝇一个大陆种群和一个岛屿种群的配子频率。这些种群所具有的高度细胞学异质性在遗传数据中并未体现出来。在涉及与该基因座连锁的基因等位基因和倒位的18对两两比较中，观察到两例非随机关联。在这两种情况下，该基因座上等位基因的交换都被倒位完全抑制。在18对基因座中检测到4例连锁不平衡；其中两例最好解释为随机漂变产生的瞬时关联。结果表明，酶基因座之间的不平衡在自然种群中并不普遍——染色体变异程度较低的种群在遗传上与染色体变异程度较高的种群一样具有变异性。这一观察结果不支持边缘同核型种群中的选择是针对特化纯合基因型这一假说。
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